摘要
本试验将禾谷镰孢一高产毒菌株 B4 - 1采用单小花注滴法接种于小麦抗赤霉病品种苏麦 3号和感病品种宁麦 6号 ,用气 /质联检法测定接种后 4、8、12、16和 2 0 d组织中的单端孢霉烯族毒素积累量。结果显示 ,在病组织中有脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 (deoxynivalenol,DON)、15 -乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(15 - acetyldeoxynivalenol,15 - ADON )和 3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 (3- acetyldeoxynivalenol,3-ADON)等 3种单端孢霉烯族毒素 ,但未发现雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 (nivalenol)和镰刀菌酮 - X(fusarenon- X)等毒素。抗病品种病穗组织中 ,DON平均含量由接种后 4 d的 2 9.5 μg/ g dry weight(gdw)下降到 2 0d时的 15 .7μg/ gdw,15 - ADON和 3- ADON量则较低 ,分别为 1.5～ 3.6μg/ gdw和 <1.7μg/ gdw;而同期感病品种病穗组织中的 DON量则由 2 3.1μg/ gdw上升到 4 7.7μg/ gdw,15 - ADON和 3- ADON量均较高 ,分别达 8.6～ 10 .0μg/ gdw和 2 .6～ 8.3μg/ gdw。在抗、感病品种无症状穗组织中 ,3种毒素的含量均很低 (<0 .5 μg/ gdw)。同时 ,本研究还首次在感病品种的穗颈 (总花梗 ,peduncle)组织中检测到大量的 DON和 15 - ADON及少量的 3- ADON。
The Sumai 3 and Ningmai 6, resistant and susceptible, respectively, to wheat head scab caused by Fusarium graminearum , were inoculated using the single floret inoculation method with B4 1, a F. graminearum strain with high trichothecene production potential. When the spike and peduncle tissues were assayed for trichothecenes after inoculation, deoxynivalenol (DON), 15 acetyldeoxynivalenol (15 ADON) and 3 acetyldeoxynivalenol (3 ADON) were detected, but no nivalenol and fusarenon X were found. During the period from 4 to 20 days after inoculation, average concentration of DON in symptomatic spikes of Sumai 3 decreased from 29.5 to 15.7 μg/g dry weight (gdw), while that in Ningmai 6 increased from 23.1 to 47.7 μg/gdw. The concentrations of 15 ADON and 3 ADON in symptomatic spikes were higher in Ningmai 6 (8.6-10.0 μg/gdw and 2.6-8.3 μg/gdw, respectively) than those in Sumai 3 (1.5-3.6 μg/gdw and <1.7 μg/gdw, respectively). All three trichothecenes were less than 0.5 μg/gdw in asymptomatic spikes of both Sumai 3 and Ningmai 6. Although no trichothecenes were found in peduncles of Sumai 3, a large amount of DON and 15 ADON ( 61.7 μg/gdw and 55.3 μg/gdw,respectively) and a small amount of 3 ADON(2.3 μg/gdw) were identified in peduncles of Ningmai 6. This is the first report that trichothecenes are produced in the peduncles of susceptible cultivars.
出处
《植物病理学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第2期142-146,共5页
Acta Phytopathologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目 (39870 4 71)
