1Gustilo RB, Mendoza RM, WilliamsDN. Problems in the management of type Ⅲ (severe) open fractures: a new classification of type Ⅲ open fractures[ J]. Trauma, 1984,24:742 - 746.
2Weller S, Hontzsch D, Prigg R. Epiperiostal, percataneous Plate osteosynthesis: a new minimally invesive technique with reference to "biological osteosynthesis" [ J ]. Unfallchirurg, 1998,101 : 115 - 121.
3Muller ME, Allgower M, Schnieider R, et al. Techniques recommand by the AO/ASIF Group [ M ] 3rd Edition, Springerverlag. Berlin Heidelberg P, 1991. 519.
4葛宝丰 胥少汀 徐印坎.实用骨科学:第2版[M].北京:人民军医出版社,1999.1462.
5王亦璁.骨与关节损伤:第3版[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2001.487.
6Gustilo RB, Mendoza RM,Williams DN.Problems in the management of type Ⅲ (severe) open fractures:a new classification of type Ⅲ open fractures.J Trauma,1984,24:742-746.
7Wilson CF. Fractures and dislocations of the ankle.In:Rockwood CA,ed. Fractures in Adults.Vol.2.2nd ed.Philadelphia:JB Lippincott Co,1984:1665-1701.
8Weller S,Hontzsch D,Frigg R.Epiperiostal, percutaneous plate osteosynthesis. A new minimally invasive technique with reference to " biological osteosynthesis" . Unfallchirurg,1998,101:115-121.
9Muller ME, Allgower M,Schnieider R, Kim KY. Tech-niques recommand by the AO/ASIF group. 3rd ed.Berlin:Spring-erverlag, 1991.519.