摘要
目的:探讨某电厂2014~2017年噪声作业职业健康体检的听力损伤情况,为制定有效措施提供依据。方法:选择2014年1月~2017年12月到我院进行健康体检的噪声作业者140例,开展基本情况调查(职业史、既往史及职业病危害因素接触史)及职业健康检查(五官科检查、听力测试),检查前均让其脱离噪声环境24h以上,记录并统计噪声作业健康体检者的听力情况。结果:健康体检的噪声作业者140例中共有51例出现不同程度听力损伤,损伤率为36.43%。其中,作业工龄<5年听力损伤8例,低于作业工龄5~10年及>10年者(P<0.05);作业工龄5~10年又低于>10年工龄(P<0.05);140例健康体检者均在不同噪声下作业,检出异常率排在前两位的分别为噪声作业强度>100dB、95~100dB,异常率为90.91%和43.38%;140例健康体检者听力损伤作业车间排在前三位的分别为气机检修、燃料检修及锅炉检修,分别占75.00%、71.43%和52.00%。结论:某电厂2014年~2017年噪声作业者听力出现不同程度损伤,且多与工龄有关,应根据电厂情况制定有效的措施干预,降低听力损伤率。
Objective:To investigate the hearing impairment of occupational health examination for noise operation in a power plant from 2014 to2017,and to provide evidence for effective measures.Methods:A total of 140 noise workers who were admitted to our hospital for health check-up from January 2014 to December 2017 were selected.All patients were investigated after admission(occupational history,past history,and exposure history of occupational hazards)and occupational health check(ENT examination,hearing test),before leaving the test,let it out of the noise environment for more than 24 h,record and count the hearing of healthy people in the noise operation.Results:A total of 51 patients with noise from healthy subjects had different degrees of hearing impairment,and the injury rate was 36.43%.Among them,there were 8 cases of hearing impairment<5 years of hearing impairment,5~10 years of operation and>10 years(P<0.05);19 cases of working age 5~10 years,less than>10 years of service(P<0.05);140 cases of health examinations were operated under different noises,and the abnormalities detected in the first two were:noise operation intensity>100 dB,95~100 dB,abnormal rate 90.91%and 43.38%;140 cases of health the top three hearing injury workers in the physical examination workshop were:air machine maintenance,fuel maintenance and boiler maintenance,accounting for 75.00%,71.43%and 52.00%respectively.Coonnclusion:The noise of a noise operator in a power plant from 2014 to 2017 has different degrees of damage,and it is related to the length of service.Effective measures should be taken according to the situation of the power plant to reduce the hearing loss rate.
作者
林淑华
LIN Shu-hua(Occupational disease and chemical poisoning control and prevention center,Fuzhou,Fujian 350001)
出处
《按摩与康复医学》
2019年第20期19-20,共2页
Chinese Manipulation and Rehabilitation Medicine
关键词
听力损伤
噪声作业者
职业健康检查
基本情况
听力测定
噪声环境
hearing impairment
noise operator
occupational health check
basic condition
hearing measurement
noise environment
