摘要
为考察飞机姿态仪显示方式对仪表识别绩效的影响,从人机工效的角度提高飞行仪表设计的安全性,以有飞行经验和无飞行经验的两组被试为试验对象,考察其对由外向内和由内向外两种显示方式下的静态姿态仪的辨别绩效。在分析绩效时,以错误率和反应时间为指标,探讨飞行经验、姿态仪显示方式、滚转方向和滚转角度4个因素对姿态仪辨别绩效的影响。结果表明:当飞机的滚转角度较小时,由外向内显示方式比由内向外显示方式具有辨别优势;由外向内显示方式的优势随飞机滚转角度增加而逐渐消失;具备一定的飞行经验并不改变由外向内显示方式的优势。
This paper is aimed to make an investigation of the impact of the aircraft attitude indicator on the discrimination performance of its instrumentation design in guaranteeing the safety from the perspective of ergonomics.For this purpose,the study has taken PsychoP y,a software library written in Python to offer2 types of attitude indicator formats:outside-in(or moving-aircraft)format and inside-out(or moving-horizon)format.To proceed with the investigation of the above said impact,we have invited 2 groups of sampling cases of students as participants in the study,one group with and the other without any flying experience.In the experiment,they have been required to observe the static attitude indicator displays,and press a key according to the tilting direction of the aircraft as quickly as possible.In doing so,we have adopted 4 bank angles for each tilting direction in the angles of 5°,10°,20°,and 30°,respectively.And,then,the response times and error rates of the participants in answering to the discriminating tasks have been automatically registered and recorded by the program for later analysis.As a result,for the error rates,it has been noticed that the total error rate of the participants tends to be quite low,with the wrong responses to all the trials being merely 0.83%.In addition,the smaller the bank angle,the more mistakes they tend to make.As to the response time,the results show slower response time for the aircraft tilting to the right than to the left,and faster response they would give to the bigger bank angle.And,what is more significant is that we have noticed there exists somewhat interactive effect between the bank angle and the display format.The response times for the outside-in format turn out to be faster than those for inside-out format,in case the bank angle is smaller.Thus,the interaction effect can support the superiority of the outside-in format.As the bank angle gradually is getting larger,the superiority of the outside-in format tends to be getting disappeared.Besides,flying experience does not prove to affect the superiority of the outside-in format.Hence,the above results can be used to guide the design of the aircraft instruments from the point of view of human-machine interaction or ergonomics.
作者
蒋浩
王泉川
JIANG Hao;WANG Quan-chuan(Institute of Aviation Human Factor and Ergonomics,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期542-547,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
中国民航飞行学院科研项目(J2014-06)
关键词
安全管理工程
航空安全
飞机姿态仪
辨别绩效
飞行经验
人机工效
safety control
aviation safety
aircraft attitude indicator
discrimination performance
flying experience
human-machine ergonomics
