摘要
本文概述了稗草(Echinochlon spp.)的生物学特性及其防除效果。试验证明稗草萌发的最低温度为12℃,稗草种子在充足的水分条件下,当有效积温达33.8-49.5℃(生物零度为10℃)时,出现田间稗草的发生高峰期。提出消除稗草要从秧田入手,并应掌握在稗草3叶期以前、化学防除应以药效期相吻合,才能达到预期的效果。通过试验对9种除草剂进行了综合评价,实践证明化学防除配套技术和农业措施协调应相结合,能有效地控制稻田稗草的危害。
Echinochloa spp., which was a annual weed belonging to Gramineaeand had strong adaptibility and wide distribution, was one of the sta-ple noxious weeds in rice, wheat and soybean fields. The author studiedthe biological characteristics of Echinochloa crusgalli and its Controllingmethods in rice fields since 1975. It has been shown that the initial tem-perature for its germination and the optimal temperature for its growthwere found to be 12℃, and 30-35℃ respectively. The emergence peakof Echiochloa cursgalli would be predicted by two indices i.e. accumulatedtemperature biological zero=10℃ and leaf age. The former was 33.8-49.5℃when the soil moisture was sufficient and the letter was oneleaf age ofEohinoloa crusgalli after puddling. The experiment results also pointedout that the control of Echinochloa crusgalli in rice field should begin withthe control in nursery bed and the key to success was to make the effec-tive stage of herbicides coincide with the emergence peak (sensitive stage)of weeds: The chemical control by herbicides such as butachlor, thioben-carb, molinate, oxidizon, dimethametyn (piperophos), pretilachlor andquinclorac combined with agricultural practice such as cleaning up seedsand water management, etc, may result in optional weed control.
关键词
稗草
生物学特性
防除
杂草
Echinochloa crusgalli
Biological characteristic
Weed control
