摘要
在四川省邛崃市固驿镇黑石村,进行了3年连续定位施用不同量沼液种植油菜田间小区试验,研究了沼液长期定位施用对油菜产量及品质的影响,以确定沼液长期农用的可行性及最佳施用量。结果表明:单施化肥会导致油菜产量逐年下降;施用沼液可显著提高油菜产量,当沼液用量控制在101 250～132 500 kg·hm-2范围内,基肥、苗肥、薹肥施用百分比分别为37%左右,47%左右,16%左右时,油菜生长良好,产量较高,2010年、2011年和2012年各小区最高产量比清水对照分别提高157.54%、365.50%、254.10%,比常规化肥对照分别提高38.26%、55.50%、155.57%;在此沼液施用量范围内油菜籽蛋白质、含油率、油酸、芥酸、硫苷含量达到最佳,其中含油率超过1级水平,芥酸含量满足小于1%的国际标准;油菜籽矿质元素Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg含量维持较高水平,对Fe和Mn的调控作用和改善效果相对较大。
Applying biogass slurry, rich in nutrients, could promote crop growth and yields. However, there is little information available about its long-term effects on plants. A three-year experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of biogas slurry applications on yields and quality of rape （Brassica napus ） at Guyi Town, Qionglai City, Sichuan Province. The results indicated that over years the rape yields decreased in the treatments with chemical fertilizer, but significantly increased with biogas slurry applications. The highest yields can be obtained in the treatments with biogas slurry rates of 101 250-132 500 kg. hm-2, which was applied 37% for the base fertilizer, 47% for seed bed, and 16% for bolting stage. The rape yields were 157.54%, 365.50%, 254.10% higher in biogas slurry than in CK（only water ap- plication） treatments and 38.26%, 55.50%, 155.57% higher than in chemical fertilizer in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively. The contents of protein, oil, oleic acid, erucic acid and ghccesino of the rapeseeds were at the best levels in biogas slurry treatments. The content of oil in the rapeseeds was higher than the national level I standard, while the content of erucic acid was less than〈l%, meeting the international standard. Also, the applications of biogas slurry maintained the contents of mineral elements, such as Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg, at a high- er level than other treatments.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期562-568,共7页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题(2008BADC4B04)
四川省环保厅重点项目(2011HB011)
关键词
沼液
油菜
产量
品质
化肥
biogas slurry
rape
yield
quality
fertilizer
