摘要
参考籼型杂交稻叶绿素荧光参数的配合力及遗传特性,以6个籼型杂交稻不育系和5个恢复系按NC（II）交配设计的30个杂交稻组合及其亲本品种为材料,对其功能叶片的叶绿素荧光参数进行测定和分析。结果表明：1杂交稻组合的叶绿素荧光参数存在极显著的组合间遗传差异,杂交稻叶绿素荧光参数的最大荧光（Fm）、实际光能利用率ΦPSII、调节性能量耗散的量子产量ΦNPQ同时受基因的加性效应和非加性效应的影响,杂交稻其他叶绿素荧光参数主要受非加性效应的影响。2杂交稻不育系ΦPSII和ΦNPQ的一般配合力（GCA）方差大于杂交稻恢复系ΦPSII和ΦNPQ的GCA方差,表明这些叶绿素荧光参数受其不育系的影响大于受其恢复系的影响。3杂交稻叶绿素荧光参数的广义遗传力均大于其狭义遗传力,其中,Fm、ΦPSII、ΦNPQ、非光化学淬灭NPQ等叶绿素荧光参数的狭义遗传力为20%～50%,具有中等遗传力;Fo、原初光能利用率（Fv/Fm）、非调节性能量耗散的量子产量（ΦNO）、化学淬灭（qL）、叶绿素荧光参数的狭义遗传力在20%以下,遗传力较弱。4杂交稻ΦPSII的竞争优势与其母本GCA呈极显著水平的正相关,且具有较高的决定系数,表明杂交稻ΦPSII的母本GCA效应值较高,其杂交稻组合的竞争优势也强。在选配高光能利用效率的强优势杂交稻组合时,关键应优先选择ΦPSII的配合力和表型均优良的杂交稻不育系配组。
To provide theoretical reference for breeding high-yield and high light utilization efficiency of hybrid rice, the combining ability and genetic characteristics of chlorophyll fluorescence of flag leaves were researched. Thirty different hybrid rice combinations from incomplete diallel crosses（between six sterile lines and five restorer lines of indcia hybrid rice cultivars） were tested. Result showed that there were significant genetic differences（P0.01） for chlorophyll fluorescence parameters among the hybrid rice combinations. Fm, ΦPSII and ΦNPQ in hybrid rice combinations were affected by gene additive effects and non-additive effects but other chlorophyll fluorescence parameters（Fo, Fv/Fm, ΦNO, NPQ, qL） mainly affected by non-additive effects. The proportion of female parent GCA variance was much bigger than the proportion of male parent GCA variance of ΦPSII and ΦNPQ, indicating that the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of hybrid rice combinations were more affected by the sterile lines than restorer lines. The broad-sense heritability was greater than the narrow-sense heritability in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of indica hybrid rice combinations. Four chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as Fm, ΦPSII, ΦNPQ, and NPQ with the narrow-sense heritability from 20% to 50% had moderate heritability. The others chlorophyll fluorescence parameters（Fo, Fv/Fm, ΦNO, qL） with narrow-sense heritability below 20% had weak heritability. The competitive advantage of hybrid rice combinations for ΦPSII was positively correlated with female GCA（P0.01） and with a higher determination coefficient, indicating that the hybrid rice combinations from female parents with higher GCA have higher competitive advantages. Selecting sterile lines with excellent combining ability and phenotypic value of ΦPSIIwas the key step while selecting good restorer lines can not be ignored during breeding hybrid rice combinations of high light utilization efficiency.
出处
《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第4期337-343,共7页
Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家"863"计划资助项目(2010AA101304)
湖南农业大学作物学开放基金项目(ZWKF201310)
关键词
籼型杂交稻
叶绿素荧光
配合力
遗传力
Indica hybrid rice
chlorophyll fluorescence
combining ability
heritability
