摘要
美国太空政策作为一种政治产物,是不同行为体和不同观念角力的结果。虽然太空政策范式——回答太空是什么的解释性框架——十分隐秘,却对一国的太空政策发挥着重大的影响。随着太空探索的深入与太空应用的不断拓展,美国历史上先后形成了"军事高地"、"新边疆"、"经济重心"和"全球公域"四种太空政策范式。作为美国太空决策的理念背景,太空政策诸范式对太空政策目标等级、政策工具本身乃至政策工具设定发挥着"框定"作用,鼓励或诱导美国太空政策的变化。无论是"军事高地"、"新边疆"、"经济重心"还是"全球公域",保持并巩固美国太空领导地位的宗旨始终不变。目前,四种太空政策范式既相互抵牾又相辅相成,具有并足而立而非相互替代的关系。它们既各有侧重、各有特点,又存在各自的盲点、缺陷甚至误区,需要不断修正、发展和完善才能避免损害美国和世界。作者试图通过对四种政策范式的内涵、体现及后果的剖析和评估,为理解美国太空政治提供一个新视角。
Ideas matter.Although ideational factors are much less visible than the intense turf wars and interest differences among space actors and institutions,space policy paradigms,the way people see space and the conceptual frameworks that greatly influence the goals,tools and tool-setting of space policies,are playing a little noticeable but rather important role in the process of the U.S.space policy-decision.Generally speaking,there are four space policy paradigms,military high ground,new frontier,economic COG and global common in the U.S.space policy history.They not only differ from but also intertwine with each other,and now they co-exist and greatly influence the U.S.space policymaking.Although they vary in interests,policy preferences as well as influences,their ultimate goal to maintain U.S.space dominance is the same.These four space policy paradigms also have shortcomings,blind spots and errors.In order to do no harm to the U.S.itself and the world,they need further development,refinement in the future.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第8期84-106,158-159,共23页
World Economics and Politics
关键词
美国太空政策范式
军事高地
新边疆
经济重心
全球公域
U.S.space policy paradigm
military high ground
new frontier
economic COG
global common
