摘要
以3个春玉米品种为材料,通过早、中、晚3个播期以及直播、移栽2种播种方式的随机区组试验,研究播期对高产(≥13 500kg·hm-2)春玉米产量及产量构成因素和光合特性的影响。结果表明:早播可避开苗期飞虱、开花期高温高湿等不利环境,保证灌浆期较理想的光合条件,稳定总穗数,并促进大穗的形成;在相同密植条件(82 500株·hm-2)下,播期和播种方式对产量的影响主要在于增加千粒重,同时增加或稳定总穗数;早播和乳苗移栽促使春玉米开花期叶片有着较大的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率及较小的灌浆期下降幅度,并保持灌浆期有着较大的光合速率,而胞间CO2浓度变化规律与此相反。
To study the effects of sowing date on yield and photosynthetic characteristics of spring maize under high yield （~ 13 500 kg ~ hm 2） conditions, a randomized block design field experiment was conducted with three maize hybrids Suyu30, Suyu20, Suyu29 as materials. Four Treatments including seedling transplant in early-stage （I Y）, direct sowing in the medium term （ Ⅰ Z）, seedling transplant in the medium term（ Ⅱ Y） and direct sowing in late-stage （ Ⅱ Z） respectively were arranged in this design. Results showed that： ① Early sowing can make maize seedling avoid the dwarf maize disease transmitted by planthopper and stress conditions of high temperature and humidity at anthesis stage, and can build an environment of reasonable photosynthesis for maize filling stage. As a result, total ears and 1 000-grain weight were increased. ② Under the same condition with 82 500 plants per hectare, 1 000-grain weight played the most important role to the yield with the different sowing dates and methods, and to total ears.③ Early sowing and seedling transplant can increase the rate of photosynthetic （Pn）, stomatal conductance（Gs）, transpiration（Tr） at anthesis stage, and decrease their magnitudes of the drop during filling stage, but the intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） varied oppositely with them.
出处
《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期65-71,共7页
Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(30971731
31000684
31271640)
江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(CXZZ13-0906)
江苏省农业三新工程项目[SXGC(2013)339
SXGC(2013)114]
江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(2010-10)
关键词
春玉米
播期
高产
光合特性
spring maize
sowing date
high yield
hotosynthetic characteristics
