摘要
近些年,伴随着城市化进程的加速,重工业集中的大中型城市所面临的大气污染问题越加严重,雾霾天气随之增多,由此引发的人体健康问题如急性刺激、心血管疾病等引起了社会的普遍关注。目前多数学者认为雾霾是有毒有害气体、颗粒物等污染物共同导致的以能见度降低为主要表现的空气污染现象。雾霾引起的人群健康效应已得到许多研究的证实。作者系统总结了雾霾这一污染型天气的理化特征,介绍了被广泛认可的雾霾定义,其物理组成及化学成分等,并从环境流行病学研究角度出发,对国内外雾霾对人体的健康效应的研究进行综述,较为系统地提出雾霾天气对人体的健康效应,最后提出目前监测现状、亟需解决的科学问题和研究方向。
In recent years, with the rapid development of city modernization, the large and medium-sized cities with heavy industry concentrated faces more serious air pollution problems. Haze weather has increased. Human health problems such as acute stimulation and cardiovascular disease caused by haze have caused the widespread concern of society. At present, most scholars think that the haze is the air pollution phenomena caused by toxic and harmful gas, particulate matter and other pollutants with visibility reduction as the main manifestation. The crowd health effects caused by haze have been confirmed by many studies. This paper systematically summarizes the physicochemical characteristics of the haze polluted weather, introduces the haze definition which has been widely agreed, and its physical and chemical composition. From the perspective of environmental epidemiology, this paper reviews the studies of haze pollution induced health effects in humans at home and abroad, systematically puts forward the health effects induced by haze weather, the present status of monitoring, the scientific problems need to be solved and research direction.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2014年第17期2517-2520,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
霾
健康效应
环境流行病学
Haze
Health effect
Environmental epidemiology
