摘要
淬火油在使用中会发生老化。淬火油老化实质上是油在使用中发生氧化，其机制是自由基链的产生、扩展、支化和终结。相关的试验研究表明，淬火油老化的判据是总酸值达到1．0～1．5mg KOH／g。老化后淬火油的冷却性能将发生如下变化：蒸气膜阶段缩短，最大冷速增大，冷却曲线向右上方移动，冷却性能恶化。使用加氢基础油和复合抗氧化剂能有效提高淬火油的抗氧化性能。为提高淬火油的抗老化性能，在使用淬火油时，应注意如下事项：使油处于循环状态，及时过滤，防止进水，不要部分换油，尽量降低使用温度，减少污染等。
Quenching oil would experience an ageing problem in service. The ageing of quenching oil is substantially an oxidizing process, and the ageing mechanism lies in initiation, propagation, branching and termination of free radical. The related tests reveal that a criterion of quenching oil aging is its total acid value up to 1.0 - 1.5 mgKOH/g. Variations in cooling characteristics of quenching oil resulting from the ageing are as follows ： decrease in the vapor film stage, increase in the maximum cooling speed, moving of the cooling curve right and up, as a result, and a change of the cooling power for the worse. The oxidation resistance of quenching oil can be effectively increased by using hydrogenated base oil or composite antioxidant. To improve ageing resistance of quenching oil, matters needing attention in the application of quenching oil are： to leave the oil in circulating state, to filter the oil promptly, to keep water out the oil, don＇ t change the oil partially, to reduce operating temperature of the oil as much as possible, to decrease pollutant in the oil, etc.
出处
《热处理》
CAS
2014年第4期40-47,共8页
Heat Treatment
关键词
淬火油
老化
氧化
冷却性能
quenching oil
ageing
oxidizing
cooling characteristics
