摘要
针对云南某新建煤矿富水断层破碎带垮塌井筒的修复难题,通过现场调研及数值模拟研究,分析富水断层破碎带井筒围岩垮塌灾变机制,提出此类地质及工程条件下围岩控制基本原则和"顺序–联合"控制方法。研究认为:(1)断层破碎围岩受水致弱化作用后泥化严重,松散体自承能力低,塑性流动显著,是造成围岩失稳及滑移的根本原因;多次低强度无效巷修并开挖造成冒落高度增加,活化断层裂隙,导通局部含水层,是造成破碎区段大面积垮塌及涌水的直接原因;(2)破碎围岩失稳滑移过程中存在"应力快速卸压区"、"应力过渡区"及"应力集中区",控制重点在于针对"应力卸压导水区"进行治水封堵及岩体加固,提高其自身承载能力,降低后期支护载荷;(3)采用滞后变形区一定距离的变角伞状超前注浆预处理,可实现堵水和加固围岩双重目的。临时支护可为后期一次、二次支护提供空间和时间;(4)适时采用衬砌预埋注浆管方式对破碎围岩内可能存在的空洞进行壁后二次注浆回填和加固,可以提高"围岩–支护体"整体承载能力。
In order to repair the collapsed shaft at the watery zone with fault fractures in a new mine in Yunnan province,the basic principles and the“sequence-combined”control method were put forward based on the callapsing mechanism of shaft rocks obtained through on-site research and numerical simulation. The fundamental reasons of the instability and slippage of shaft rocks were found to be the serious degradation of the surrounding rock by water,the low capability of self-supporting and the distinct plastic fluidity of loose rocks in the watery zone with fault fractures. Previous multiple unsuccessful repairing led to the increase of the caving height,the activation of the fault fractures and the unblocking of the local aquifers and caused large area collapses and water gushing in the broken section. The broken surrounding rock during the process of instability and slipping had a zone of quickly release of stress,a zone of transition of stress and a zone of stress concentration. The key measure of controlling the surrounding rock is to block water flow and to reinforce the rock in the zone of stress relieved and containing groundwater flows for improving support ability of the surrounding rock and decreasing the support loading in the following stage. Variation angle umbrella-like ahead grouting are proposed to carry out from a＆amp;nbsp;distance behind the deformed area. The temporary support can provide the space and the time for the first and/or the secondary support later. The integral supporting capacity of the surrounding rock can be improved by embedding grouting pipes so that the secondary grouting can be applied to backfill the cavities which may exist in fractured surrounding rock.
出处
《岩石力学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第8期1536-1545,共10页
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering
基金
重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室自主课题(2011DA105287–ZD201302)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1361205)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51074197)
关键词
采矿工程
主斜井
断层破碎带
灾变机制
顺序-联合控制
变角伞状超前注浆
mining engineering
main inclined shaft
fault fracture zone
disaster mechanism
sequence-combinedcontrol
variation angle umbrella-like ahead grouting
