摘要
为进一步提高贵州特色烤烟井窖式移栽烟苗素质,对贵州不同基因型烤烟("K326" "南江3号" "毕纳1号" "贵烟2号" "韭菜坪2号")成苗期生物量、根系形态、质体色素含量、电导率、pH值和光合生理特性差异进行了研究.结果表明:不同基因型烤烟成苗期烟苗植物学性状差异显著,地上部"K326"植物学性状最佳,干质量为0.1109g/株,"贵烟2号"相对较差,干质量为0.0925 g/株;地下部"贵烟2号"和"毕纳1号"烟苗根系形态特征较佳,干质量分别为0.0424 g/株和0.0403 g/株;株生物量"K326"和"毕纳1号"较佳,干质量分别为0.1493 g/株和0.1354 g/株.在生理特性方面,不同基因型烤烟成苗期烟苗质体色素含量和pH值差异较小,但电导率值和光合特性指标差异较显著."毕纳1号"成苗期烟苗叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量最高,分别为2.019 mg/g和0.538 mg/g,"K326"次之,"韭菜坪2号"最低,分别为1.542 mg/g和0.435 mg/g;"K326"和"毕纳1号"pH值居中,分别为6.63和6.76,"韭菜坪2号"和"南江3号"pH值偏高,分别为6.88和6.83,"贵烟2号"pH值为6.43,偏低;"K326"和"毕纳1号"成苗期叶片绝对电导率值分别为9.85 μS/cm和9.08 μS/cm,相对电导率值较小,分别为15.63%和21.45%,"贵烟2号"绝对电导率值和相对电导率值最高,分别为13.28 μS/cm和29.84%."K326"光合生理特性指标整体上较佳,其次是"毕纳1号"和"韭菜坪2号","贵烟2号"和"南江3号"一般.总之,"毕纳1号"和"K326"成苗期烟苗植物学性状和生理特性较好,光合能力、抗逆性和自我保护能力较强,烟苗素质较好,可作为贵州烤烟主栽品种培育壮苗的选择之一.
Summary Guizhou is the second largest province for tobacco production and acts as a typical moderate-flavor tobacco planting area in China.According to the data from Guizhou Province Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (Company),the planting area of characteristic tobacco varieties bred in Guizhou such as“Nanjiang 3”“Bina 1”,etc.has increased significantly in these years,and accounted for more than 50% of the total tobacco growing area in Guizhou since 2012.Meanwhile,the well-cellar style transplanting technology invented in Guizhou has spread throughout our country,but there is a very common problem during the tobacco production that the transplanted seedlings showed a lower quality.Therefore,it is important and necessary to study the quality of different flue-cured tobacco genotypes,in order to cultivate high-quality seedlings and highlight the features of flue-cured tobacco varieties bred in Guizhou. <br> In order to further improve the quality of seedling used for the well-cellar style transplanting in Guizhou,the biomass,root morphology, plastid pigments content, electrical conductivity, pH value and photosynthetic characteristics of different flue-cured tobacco genotypes (i.e.,“K326”“Nanjiang 3”“Bina 1”“Guiyan 2”“Jiucaiping 2”) were studied in seedling transplanting period. <br> The results showed that the botanical characters of different flue-cured tobacco genotypes in seedling transplanting period were significantly different.“K326”had the best aboveground biomass (0.110 9 gram per plant)while“Guiyan 2”had the lowest aboveground biomass(0.092 5 gram per plant).As for root,“Guiyan 2”and“Bina 1”had a better root morphology,and their root dry mass were 0.042 4 gram per plant and 0.040 3 gram per plant,respectively.For the total biomass,“K326”and“Bina 1”had the largest dry mass,and their values were 0.149 3 gram per plant and 0.135 4 gram per plant,respectively.Physiological analysis illustrated that the difference in plastid pigments content and pH value was relatively small among different flue-cured tobacco genotypes in seedling transplanting period,but the difference in electrical conductivity values and photosynthetic characteristics indexes was quite significant.“Bina 1”had the highest plastid pigments content,containing 2.019 mg/g chlorophyll and 0.538 mg/g carotenoid,followed by“K326”,while“Jiucaiping 2”had the lowest plastid pigments content,containing 1.542 mg/g chlorophyll and 0.435 mg/g carotenoid.The pH values of“K326”(6.63)and“Bina 1”(6.76)were in the middle,and“Jiucaiping 2”(6.88)and“Nanjiang 3”(6.83)had the largest pH value,while“Guiyan 2”(6.43) was the smallest.The electrical conductivity values of“K326”and“Bina 1”were the smallest,while“Guiyan 2”had the largest electrical conductivity value.The absolute conductivity values of“K326”and“Bina 1”were 9.85 μS/cm and 9.08 μS/cm,and relative conductivity values were 15.63% and 21.45%,respectively.The absolute conductivity and relative conductivity values of“Guiyan 2”were 13.28μS/cm and 29.84%,respectively.As far as the photosynthetic indexes,“K326”had the best performance among all the tested genotypes,followed by“Bina 1”and“Jiucaiping 2”,while“Guiyan 2”and“Nanjiang 3”were relatively poor. <br> In summary,“Bina 1”and“K326”had better botanical characters and physiological characteristics among the different flue-cured tobacco genotypes tested in this study,showing better photosynthetic performance,stronger resistance and self-protective ability.Therefore,“Bina 1”and“K326”can be used as the main flue-cured tobacco varieties in Guizhou in the future.
出处
《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期511-518,共8页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences
基金
国家烟草专卖局特色优质烟叶开发重大专项(110201101002-TS-02-20110016)
中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科学研究与技术开发项目(201315)
中国烟草总公司科技重点项目(110201302018)
关键词
烤烟
基因型
烟苗
植物学性状
根系形态
生理特性
flue-cured tobacco
genotypes
tobacco seedling
botanical characters
root morphology
physiological characteristics
