摘要
本实验采用2被试组别(MCI组、正常老年组)×3进行中任务变化(无变化、顺序变化、随机变化)被试间设计探究进行中任务变化对轻度认知功能障碍者基于事件前瞻记忆的影响。结果表明:(1)轻度认知功能障碍者的前瞻记忆成绩显著低于正常老年人的前瞻记忆成绩;(2)进行中任务变化对两组被试前瞻记忆和进行中任务的反应时影响存在显著差异。进行中任务变化越大,轻度认知功能障碍者完成前瞻记忆和进行中任务的反应速度越慢;而正常老年被试则不受影响。研究支持前瞻记忆策略加工的理论观点,认为执行功能损伤可能是导致轻度认知功能障碍者前瞻记忆失败的主要原因。
With the increasing of aging and life expectancy, more attention was drawn to Alzheimer＇s disease. Mild cognitive impairment and its effects have come to the vision of scholars due to it＇s high risk of Alzheimer＇s disease. Previous studies about mild cognitive impairment have focused on the executive function, visual spatial, episodic memory, language skills etc. Recent researches indicated that the performance of prospective memory was worse in patients with mild cognitive impairment than that in normal elder. In the literatures, In the literatures, few studies had been found to explore the influence of ongoing task change on event-based prospective memory in patients with mild cognitive impairment. This research mainly focused on two questions： （1） the difference of prospective memory between individuals with mild cognitive impairment and normal elderly; （2） the influence of ongoing task change on prospective memory in the two groups.
We recruited 96 participants and followed a 2 （group： mild cognitive impairment patients, normal elderly） ×3 （ongoing task change： non-change, order-change, random-change） between-subjects design to address the above issues. Firstly, two groups of the participants were screened--mild cognitive impairment / normal elderly by measuring Activities of Daily Living （ADL）, Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE） and Clinical Dementia Rating （CDR）. Then, the classic paradigm of prospective memory was applied to test the event-based prospective memory performance in the two groups. The ongoing task required participants to judge the outline or the color of stick drawings. The event-based prospective memory task needed participants to press the space key whenever they saw any of the three target cues. The dependent variables were the accuracy and response latency of the event-based prospective memory tasks as well as the ongoing tasks.
The results suggested that： （1） prospective memory performance of the patients with mild cognitive impairment was significantly lower than that of the normal elderly. That is, remarkable impairment appeared in patients with mild cognitive impairment; （2） for the patients with mild cognitive impairment, response latency of prospective memory and ongoing task was significantly decreased with the changing of ongoing tasks. The results supported the strategic process theory of prospective memory. It proves that the deficits in executive function might cause the prospective memory failures in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第10期1454-1462,共9页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
教育部人文社科项目(09YJCXLX011)资助
