摘要
文章以贝克尔家庭生育决策分析框架为基础,通过农户养老效用模型和安徽、四川农村实地调研数据,对子女数量、人力资本积累与农村养老之间的关系做出分析和检验。实证研究发现,经济支持和精神慰藉比生活照料对养老的影响更加直接,与"养儿防老、多子多福"的传统观念不同,子女数量对老人幸福的影响并不显著,子女质量(人力资本积累)才是影响养老经济支持的关键,生育决策是人力资本投资和养老保障共同作用的结果。这说明,随着农户对子女数量依赖性降低以及农村养老体系完善,即便生育政策逐渐调整,农村生育率仍可以保持在稳定水平,有针对性地加强农村地区公共教育和技能培训,提高农民收入和经济支持,重视社区养老和精神慰藉,才是转型期改善农村养老状况的有效措施。
Based on Becker＇s family fertility decision framework, this paper analyzes and tests the relationship among number of children, human capital accumulation and rural elderly care, using a peasant household＇s utility model and survey data from Anhui and Sichuan Province. The empirical results show that economic support and spiritual solace have more directly effect on rural elderly care than living care, comparing traditional concepts of ＂raise children to provide against old age＂ and ＂more children, more happiness＂, the number of children does not significantly affect happiness of the elder, the quality of children （human capital accumulation） is the key to the economic support to the elder. Families＇ fertility decision is the result of joint action of human capital investment and elderly care. This suggests that following reducing of peasant household＇s dependence on children quantity and improving of rural endowment insurance system, rural fertility rates can still be maintained at a stable level even if the one-child policy gradually adjusts. So targeted strengthening public education and skills training in rural are- as, increasing farmers＇ income and economic support, emphasizing on community care and spiritual solace are the effective measures to improve the situation of rural pension in transition.
出处
《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2014年第4期64-73,共10页
Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目"城市化进程中的农民工问题研究"(项目编号05&ZD041)
教育部哲学社会科学重大研究攻关项目"农村劳动力转移就业的社会政策研究"(项目号:04JZD0020)
关键词
农村养老
子女数量
养儿防老
Rural elderly care
Children quantity
Raise children to provide against old age
