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全身麻醉药对发育期大脑的影响:毒性作用还是保护作用 被引量:4

Impact of General Anesthetics on the Developing Brain:Toxic or Protective
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摘要 大部分婴幼儿手术需要在全身麻醉(简称全麻)下进行,但全麻药在产生麻醉效果的同时,也产生明显的非麻醉作用,可能主要对发育期大脑可能有神经毒性作用。对于全麻药麻醉作用的机制,至今还不甚清楚,目前可以肯定的是,全麻药通过兴奋γ氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyricacid,GABA)受体或抑制N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(N—methyl—D-aspartate,NM—DA)受体而发挥全麻作用。由于GABA受体、NM—DA受体介导的生理过程在哺乳动物大脑发育过程中必不可少,因此,应用抑制或兴奋此两类受体的全麻药,可能会干扰大脑的正常发育;但由于NMDA受体通路也参与介导大脑缺血缺氧反应并造成神经细胞的死亡,所以全麻药阻断NMDA受体的同时又可一定程度上改善中枢神经系统的损伤,同时减缓疼痛应激。
出处 《中国临床医学》 2014年第3期370-373,共4页 Chinese Journal of Clinical Medicine
基金 上海市卫生局基金面上项目(编号:20124287)
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