摘要
目的了解云南省玉龙县纳西族居民烟草暴露现状及其吸烟和被动吸烟的影响因素。方法在云南省玉龙县采用比例概率抽样方法抽取2 653名≥18岁村民进行问卷调查。结果云南省玉龙县纳西族村民吸烟率、被动吸烟率和尼古丁中度及以上依赖程度分别为34.0%、33.5%和11.0%;男性吸烟率（69.5%）高于女性（2.0%）,男性尼古丁依赖程度（22.3%）也高于女性（0.9%）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;纳西族村民以吸过滤嘴香烟为主（89.9%）,其初次吸烟年龄主要集中在12~20岁（76.7%）;仅有22.3%的吸烟者在过去12个月内尝试过戒烟;过去7d内不吸烟者的被动吸烟场所在公共场所、工作场所和家里的比例分别为80.8%、79.9%、88.1%,女性分别为81.6%、82.7%、90.0%,均高于男性的78.4%、71.5%、82.6%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;文化程度（OR=0.717,95%CI=0.538~0.957）是纳西族村民吸烟的保护因素;在公共场所暴露于被动吸烟的可能性高于非公共场所（OR=1.61,95%CI=1.18~2.20）。结论云南省玉龙县纳西族控烟政策的制定应重点关注低文化程度人群和降低公共场所的被动吸烟率。
Objective To describe current situation of tobacco exposure and its influencing factors among Naxi ethnic minority in Yulong county of Yunnan province.Methods Probability proportional to size（PPS）sampling method was used to select a representative sample（2 653）of residents aged18 years and over from Yulong county.Information were collected with a questionnaire survey.Results In the study population,the prevalence rates of current smoking,secondhand smoke exposure（SHS）,and moderate or higher level nicotine dependence were34.0%,33.5%,and 11.0%, respectively. Compared to the females,the males had obviously higher prevalence of current smoking（69.5% vs.2.0%）and nicotine dependence（22.3% vs.0.9%）. There were significant differences in the prevalences of current smoking and nicotine dependence between males and females（P〈0.01）.Filtered cigarette smoking was the most popular form of tobacco smoking（89.9%）for Naxi ethnic minority,and76.7% of tobacco users reported initiating smoking during adolescence.Within the 12 months before the survey,only 22.3%of smokers had at least one attempt to quit smoking.In the past seven days,a total of 80.8%（81.6% for females and 78.4% for males）of non-smokers exposed to SHS in public places,79.9%（82.7%for females and71.5%for males）exposed to SHS in workplaces,and 88.1%（90.0% for females and 82.6% for males）exposed to SHS at home,and the prevalence rate of exposure to SHS was higher in women than in men at the three settings（P〈0.01）.Individual educational level was a protective factor for smoking and was inversely associated with the prevalence of current smoking（odds ratio[OR]=0.717,95%confidence interval[95% CI]0.538-0.957）.Non-smokers in public places were more likely to expose to SHS than those in non-public places（OR=1.61,95% CI 1.18-2.20）.Conclusion Future tobacco control policies should be focused on people with low education and on reduction of exposure to SHS in public places in Yulong county.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第11期1379-1382,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
美国梅琳达.比尔盖茨基金(51437)
关键词
吸烟
被动吸烟
影响因素
纳西族
smoking
secondhand smoke exposure
influencing factor
Naxi ethnic minority
