摘要
目的分析2010-2012年成都市狂犬病暴露处置门诊患者流行病学状况,为狂犬病防制提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2010-2012年成都市狂犬病暴露处置资料进行描述。结果 2010-2012年成都市共处置狂犬病暴露患者378 023例,其中Ⅱ级暴露患者占49.16%,Ⅲ级暴露患者占47.94%;5～8月间狂犬病暴露患者较多,占暴露总数的40%以上;各地的暴露分级构成比差异有统计学意义（χ^2=56738.50,P〈0.01）;就诊患者狂犬病疫苗接种率100%;Ⅲ级暴露就诊患者狂犬病免疫球蛋白使用率15.26%,每年使用率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=26.66,P〈0.01）;犬伤者占85.11%;伤人犬狂犬病疫苗总体免疫率43.78%,每年伤人犬免疫率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=30.85,P〈0.01）。结论2010-2012年成都市狂犬病防治工作中存在部分暴露患者未进行处置或处置不规范,伤人犬只免疫率不高等问题。
Objective To analyze the status of rabies exposure in disposal outpatient clinics of Chengdu during 20130- 2012 and to provide a basis for rabies prevention. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was adopted to analyze the data of rabies exposure in the disposal outpatient clinics. Results Altogether 3 7 8 0 2 3 cases were treated during the period, among which 4 9.1 6 % were level Ⅱ exposure patients and 4 7.9 4 % were of level III. P atients were largely distributed in May to August, accounting for 4 0 % of the total. The rating constituent ratio among regions was statistically significant（ χ^2= 5 6 7 3 8.5 0,P〈0.0 1）; the rabies vaccination rate was 1 0 0 % for the outpatients; the utilization rate immunoglobulin was 1 5.2 6 % in level III exposure outpatients and the differed statistically among years（ χ^2= 2 6.6 6,P〈0.0 1）; those injured by dogs accounted for 8 5.1 1%; the overall immunization rate of the wounding dogs was 4 3.7 8%, with annual differences（ χ^2= 3 0.8 5,P〈0.0 1）. Conclusion The preventive work in rabies outpatient clinics of Chengdu is to be improved in that a sizable portion of the exposure outpatients are non- treated or treated irregularly and the vaccination rate of the wounding dog is still comparatively low.
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2014年第10期830-833,共4页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
基金
成都市狂犬病综合防制策略研究(成都市疾控中心:120102)
关键词
狂犬病
监测
免疫率
rabies
monitoring
immunization rate
