摘要
研究了元胞自动机人员疏散模型,在疏散模型中考虑了行人间的竞争斥力和相互摩擦作用,并利用疏散模型对行人疏散进行了数值模拟研究。结果发现:竞争斥力和摩擦力均对行人疏散造成阻碍效果,延缓了疏散进程,且疏散人员越多影响作用就越明显;分析指出多出口分流能够有效地抑制竞争斥力和摩擦力的消极作用,通过最大限度的减少人员聚集,减弱作用力的影响。因此,在出口宽度确定的情况下,可以通过双出口或多出口设计提高疏散效率,增加逃生机会。
The personnel evacuation model based on cellular automata was studied, in which the competing repulsion and friction among the pedestrians were taken into account, then the numerical simulation was conducted on pedestrian evacuation by the model. The results showed that the competing repulsion and friction have negative effect on the evacuation, which delay the evacuation process; and the more the pedestrians are, the more obvious the effect is. The multi-exits can restrain the negative effect of the repulsion and friction effectively, the pedestrian force is weakened by decreasing the pedestrian number of exits. So when the exit width is fixed, the evacuation efficiency can be improved by double exits or more exits, so as to increase the chance of escape.
出处
《中国安全生产科学技术》
CAS
CSCD
2014年第10期100-105,共6页
Journal of Safety Science and Technology
基金
河北省教育厅指导项目(Z201402)
关键词
消防安全
元胞自动机
建筑出口
竞争斥力和摩擦
fire safety
cellular automata
building exit
competing repulsion and friction
