摘要
气候、植被和人为活动的变化影响到区域的林火动态.基于生态地理区研究全国尺度上林火动态的变化是科学林火管理的基础.根据中国地面气候资料日值数据,把1961—2010年气温和降水两个气象要素差值到网格点(空间分辨率0.25°×0.25°),分析中国8个生态地理区森林分布区域的火险期气温和降水量变化,采用Mann-Kendall法分析气候和火动态的变化趋势.结果表明:1961—2010年,中国森林分布区的平均气温呈现线性上升趋势,但降水量变化趋势不显著,所有生态地理区的火险期平均气温显著增加,中温带半干旱/干旱地区草原区增温最显著,而大部分区域的火险期降水量变化不明显.研究区火灾次数呈现明显的波动性,受害森林面积显著下降.除中温带干旱地区荒漠针叶林区的火灾次数和受害森林面积呈现显著的增加趋势外,其他生态地理区都表现为双峰型变化曲线.
Climate, vegetation and human activities have influences on regional fire regimes. To understand the fire regimes for ecological zones on national scale is the base for carrying on the forest fire management. Daily observed temperature and precipitation data in 1961-2010 were interpolated into grids for China mainland with spatial resolution of 0.25°×0.25°, which was used to analyze their changes in fire season for eight ecological zones. Mann-Kendall test method was used for trend analysis of climate and fire dynamics. The results indicated that the average temperature for the areas with forests showed a significant linear upward trend in 1961-2010, but the precipitation didn＇t have the tendency. The average temperature in fire season for all the ecological zones increased significantly in the study period, and the most increment occurred in temperate semi-arid/ arid steppe regions. There was no significant change in precipitation in fire season for most regions. Forest fire numbers for the mainland showed obvious fluctuations, but the affected forest areas decreased significantly. The curves of fire numbers and affected forest areas showed a bimodal shape for all ecological zones, except those showed a significant increase in the coniferous forest region in the temperate arid areas.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第11期3279-3286,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31270695)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC19B02)资助
关键词
气候
林火动态
生态地理区
climate
fire dynamic
ecological zone.
