摘要
通过对国内外相关文献的分析,发现其直接研究成果较少,相应的理论构建较为薄弱,间接的相关研究成果较多,但大多来自其他学科。国内直接相关研究主要集中于务工地选择机制、务工距离分布规律、务工地城镇类型选择、务工地选择影响因素等领域。国外的间接相关研究主要集中于移民区位、移民空间结构等永久性迁移领域,而对非永久性迁移的研究较少。今后应加强对务工区位的研究,通过对不同区域典型案例的研究进行理论概括,在方法上应加强模型分析和量化分析,这需要有关部门加强对农民工的统计工作。
Migration flow caused by migrant workers′employment outside their hometown has an increasingly important impact on the overall socio-economic development. Analyzing the law of migrant workers′migrant location choice from a geographic perspective is the base of understanding the principles of this migration flow. By the analysis on relevant literature home and abroad, we find that there are less direct researches on employment location of migrant workers and the theoretical construct is weak. There is more indirectly related literature, but most of them come from sociology, economics and management science, etc. At present, the researches in China focus on the choice mechanism of employment location, the law of work distance distribution, the selection of location type on city and town and the influencing factors of employment place choice, etc. On the employment location selection mechanism, the migrant workers′cluster, the infection model, the four-process decision-making mechanism of spatial behavior and the social capital theory offer a reasonable explanation. On the distribution of work distance, the＂U＂type distribution effect, the proximity effect, the job opportunity effect and the income maximization effect provide a better explanation. The principle of selecting high-grade urban areas and income effect sheds light on the selection of employment location type. The rural community factors, personal factors, family factors, distance factors, destination factors, etc., constitute the major factors influencing the employment location selection. The foreign indirect researches are concentrate on the field of permanent migration, such as immigration location, immigrant spatial structure, etc. However, researches on choice location of non-permanent migration are rather few. The theory of permanent migration is subject to certain restrictions when it is used to temporary migration due to the fact that they differ in migration time, migration purposes, migration motivation, etc. The important position of China′s migrant workers makes the issue a key research field of scholars today and for a long time. In future, geography researchers should strengthen the research in the field of migrant workers′employment location, summarizing its general laws on the basis of case studies in different regions. As for research methods, the model analysis and quantitative analysis should be strengthened to reveal the characteristics and laws of the employment location of migrant workers more precisely. This also requires relevant government departments strengthening the statistical work on migrant workers.
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期608-613,共6页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41271192
41201177
41201131)
教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(12YJA840006)资助
关键词
农民工
务工区位
非永久性迁移
migrant worker
employment location
non-permanent migration
