摘要
采用粳稻秋光(程氏指数22)和籼稻七山占(程氏指数7)正反交,分别在华南籼稻区广东(N23°08',E113°14')、西南籼稻区四川(N31°07',E104°22')、长江中下游籼粳交错区上海(N31°14',E121°29')和东北粳稻区辽宁(N41°48',E123°25')同时构建重组自交系(RIL),测定不同生态区RIL程氏指数、碾磨品质和外观品质性状,分析籼粳稻杂交后代碾磨品质和外观品质差异及其与生态条件、籼粳属性及稻谷粒形的关系。结果表明:4个生态区RIL大部分株系为中间类型(偏籼型或偏粳型),四川、广东、辽宁、上海中间类型比例依次为86.84%、81.45%、82.82%和72.45%。不同生态区间绝大多数品质性状差异达到显著水平,籼粳类型间仅部分地区糙米率和白度值差异达显著水平。千粒重与稻谷粒长、粒宽大多呈显著正相关,而与长宽比呈显著负相关,除上海外糙米率与稻谷粒长极显著负相关,四川和广东地区糙米率与稻谷长宽比显著负相关;整精米率与稻谷粒长负相关(广东没有达到显著水平),与稻谷长宽比相关不显著(除上海外)。垩白粒率与稻谷粒宽显著正相关,与稻谷粒长和长宽比有负相关趋势,但是相关程度低于粒宽。总体上籼粳稻杂交后代品质性状有辽宁和上海优于四川和广东,生态区间差异大于籼粳类型间差异的趋势。整精米率主要受稻谷粒长影响,垩白粒率更偏向由稻谷粒宽决定,长宽比对二者的作用有所降低,粒形与品质性状的关系较育成品种变得更为复杂,生产上粳稻品质性状优于籼稻的遗传、生态机制还有待深入研究。
The objectives of the current study were to determine the differences of milling and appearance qualities in filial generation of indica × japonica crosses, and to analyze the relationship between quality, ecological environment, and subspecies characteristics. The RILs population derived from the cross between Akihikari （japonico, Cheng＇s Index 22） and Qishanzhan （indica, Cheng＇s Index 7） were respectively built in Guangdong （N23°08＇,El13°14＇）, Sichuan（N31°07＇,E104°22＇）, Shanghai（N31°14＇,E121°29＇） and Liaoning （N41°48＇ ,E123°25＇）. The method of Cheng＇s Index was used to calculate the subspecific characteristics and determine the milling and appearance qualities under different environments. The results showed that most of the lines were intermediate types （indica-like or japonica-like） in the four regions. The ratio of intermediate types in Sichuan, Guangdong, Liaoning and Shanghai were 86.84%, 81.45%, 82.82% and 72.45%, respectively. Most quality traits were significantly different between ecological regions. There were no significant differences between subspecies except brown rice rate and whiteness degree in some regions. 1000-grain weight had significantly positive correlation with grain length and width, and it had significantly negative correlation with grain length/width ratio. Brown rice rate except in Shanghai was negatively correlated with grain length at p≤0.01. It had a significantly negative correlation with grain length/width ratio in Sichuan and Guangdong. Head rice rate had significantly negative correlation with grain length except in Guangdong. It had no significant correlation with grain length/width ratio except in Shanghai. Chalky rice rate had significantly positive correlation with grain width; it had negative correlation with grain length and grain length/width ratio, but the correlation was not as close as that with grain width. Overall quality traits of RIL derived from indica x japonica crosses in Shanghai and Liaoning were superior to that in Guangdong and Sichuan. Differences among ecological regions were greater than that between subspecies. Head rice rate was mainly affected by grain length, chalky rice rate was inclined to be affected by grain width. The effect of length/width ratio on the two traits was decreased. The relationship between grain shape and quality traits of RILs seems to be more complex than that of the varieties. Generally speaking, the quality of japonica was better than that of indica in production, the genetic and ecological mechanisms of which have yet to be further studied.
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期257-263,共7页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31371587)
关键词
水稻
籼粳稻杂交
重组自交系
生态环境
粒形
碾磨品质
外观品质
rice
indica × japonica crosses
recombinant inbred line
ecological environment
grain shape
milling quality
appearance quality
