摘要
随着海洋、空间、核能等苛刻环境工况下机械装备的发展,兼具高硬度、高承载能力、良好韧性及优异摩擦磨损性能的强韧化复合碳基润滑薄膜成为类金刚石薄膜的研究重点。文中系统归纳和评述了碳基薄膜的多元/多相复合、梯度多层、纳米多层、微/纳表界面织构化等强韧化关键技术及其强韧化机制。包括纳米晶—非晶复合结构的界面强化效应和晶界滑移强韧化;功能化梯度/多层结构膜基界面匹配、应力缓冲和微裂纹抑制强韧化;纳米晶—非晶类石墨结构、类富勒烯结构以及微/纳表面织构强韧化机制等。这些技术大幅改善了类金刚石薄膜的韧性,提高了薄膜抗疲劳磨损性能,使其能有效应用于水润滑、油润滑、高温、真空、特殊气氛以及沙尘等极端苛刻环境。文中指出强韧化碳基薄膜将向着应对极端苛刻环境的多尺度复合强韧化、适应复杂多变环境的智能化,以及满足未来空间需求的超长寿命方向发展。
The development of mechanical equipments in marine,spaces and nuclear industry has caused diamond-like carbon（DLC）films to pursue the evolution of films combined high hardness,high load bearing capacity,strong toughness and superior tribological properties.This paper provides a review how multielement/multiphase composite,gradient and nano-multilayers,as well as micro/nano texture result in hard and tough films.The involved strengthening and toughing mechanisms include that grain boundary sliding effect of nanocrystalline-amorphous composite,stress relaxation and micro-crack inhibition of functionally gradient layer/multilayers,graphite-like and fullerene-like structures as well as micro/nano surface texture strategies.These efforts significantly improve toughness,anti-fatigue wear and tribological properties of DLC films in water,oil,high temperature,vacuum,special atmosphere,sand conditions and so on.It is pointed out that more efforts should be made with respect to the research on strengthening and toughing DLC in extreme environment,smart DLC in a variety of tribological applications,and long-life DLC in space.
出处
《中国表面工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期4-27,共24页
China Surface Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51105352
11172300)
关键词
类金刚石薄膜
强韧化
功能梯度多层
摩擦磨损
diamond-like carbon films
strong toughness
functionally gradient multilayers
tribology
