摘要
目的研究杭州市流动儿童焦虑状况及其影响因素，为干预工作提供合理依据。方法采用整群抽样法选取杭州市2所民工子弟学校588名流动儿童进行《心理健康诊断测验（MHT）》和儿童家庭环境及生活方式问卷调查。结果11～12岁杭州市流动儿童MHT总分39．52±11．64。孤独倾向得分男生高于女生，过敏倾向和恐怖倾向得分女生均高于男生。学习焦虑、对人焦虑、自责倾向、过敏倾向和总焦虑倾向得分本省户籍流动儿童均高于外省户籍儿童；学习焦虑得分住校生高于走读生；孤独倾向和恐怖倾向得分非独生子女高于独生子女，而独生子女的冲动倾向较高；来杭居住≤5年流动儿童的学习焦虑、对人焦虑、孤独倾向、自责倾向和总焦虑得分均高于进城居住5年以上者。家庭经济状况、母亲文化程度、课余生活、与周围人的相处关系和对考试的担忧，为影响其总焦虑得分的因素（P〈0．05）。结论新迁入城市、非独生子女和住校生的流动儿童焦虑状况需提高重视。良好的人际交往、丰富的课余生活、降低应试压力，有助于降低流动儿童的心理焦虑水平。
Objective To learn the anxiety status and its influencing factors of migrant children in Hangzhou City, so as to provide reasonable evidence for intervention. Methods A total 588 migrant children were selected from two migrant schools in Hangzhou City by cluster sampling. They were assessed with MHT and questionnaire including family environment and life style contents. Results The migrant children were 11 to 12 years old, and their MHT scores were 39.52 ＋_ 11.64. Boys had a higher score of autistic - leaning than girls, while their scores of oversensitivity and terror were lower. Migrant children from Zhejiang province had higher scores of anxiety of learning and facing to people, self- accusation, oversensitivity and total anxiety. The resident students had a higher score of anxiety of learning. The children in one - child family had a higher score of impulsion tendency and a lower score of autistic - leaning and terror. Children who had been in Hangzhou less than 5 years had a higher score of anxiety of learning and facing to people, autistic - leaning, self- accusation and total anxiety. Economic status, education level of mother, after - school activities, the relationship with others and the study pressure were the main influencing factors of anxiety （ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion More attention should be paid to children＇s mental health status, especially to the one new move to the city, non - only child and the resident students. Good interpersonal communication, rich after school life and reduction of test pressure are beneficial for migrant children~ mental health.
出处
《浙江预防医学》
2014年第12期1197-1200,共4页
Zhejiang Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
浙江省人口计生委科技项目(JSW2013-A037)
关键词
流动儿童
焦虑状况
影响因素
Migrant children
Status of anxiety
Influencing factors
