摘要
为了探讨培肥和耕作措施下红壤旱地的土壤剖面水分变化和产量对季节性干旱的响应规律,本研究在大田试验条件下系统分析了稻草覆盖、有机肥和常免耕对土壤剖面含水量、表层土壤温度及作物产量变化趋势。结果表明,在猪粪施用、常耕和免耕处理的土壤含水率不存在显著差异。而在相同耕作和猪粪条件下,稻草覆盖与否对土壤含水量影响较大,在春玉米和秋玉米季中连续干旱条件下,稻草覆盖处理下0—5,5—10,10—20cm土壤含水量均高于不覆盖处理,稻草覆盖处理下0—5,5—10,10—20cm土壤含水量均高于不覆盖处理,春玉米季的增幅分别为27.93%,5.91%,1.41%,秋玉米季分别为15.74%,7.71%,2.59%。同时,稻草覆盖可以显著影响表层土壤的温度变化,在春玉米开花期,0—10cm和10—20cm的土壤温度覆盖比不覆盖分别降低了13.92%和2.26%。在秋玉米开花期0—10cm和10—20cm的土壤温度覆盖比不覆盖分别降低了0.30%和2.69%。在所有处理中,春玉米和秋玉米季均表现出稻草覆盖+施猪粪+常耕的秸秆和籽粒产量最高。
In order to explore effects of different fertilization and cultivation ways on soil profile moisture content and corn yield in red soil under seasonal drought conditions, the field experiment was launched in 2012 which includes treatments of straw coverage, pig manure, tillage. Soil profile moisture content, soil temperature in continuous drought and grain yield of spring and autumn corns were analyzed. The results showed that under the same cultivation and pig manure condition, soil profile moisture content was affected significantly by straw cover or no cover. Compared with no straw cover, the soil water contents in 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm of straw coverage increased by 27.93%, 5.91% and 1.41%, respectively, in the period of spring corn growth, and the increment rates were 15. 74%, 7. 71%, 2. 59% in autumn corn. Meanwhile, the straw coverage could significantly increase surface soil temperature at corn flowering stage, the soil temperatures in 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm of straw coverage reduced by 13.92% and 2.26~, respectively, in spring corn, and they decreased by 0.30% and 2.69% respectively in autumn corn. In all treatments, the biomass and grian yield were the highest when straw coverage, pig manure and tillage were combined in spring and autumn corn.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期78-83,共6页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
“十二五”国家科技支撑”红壤耕地次生障碍修复技术研究与集成示范”(2011BAD41B01-3)
关键词
季节性干旱
红壤
稻草覆盖
土壤剖面水分
玉米产量
seasonal drought
red soil
straw coverage
soil profile moisture content
corn yield
