摘要
目的分析陕西省学生肺结核流行病学特征，为制定结核病防控策略提供依据。方法收集2008—2013年《全国传染病信息管理系统》陕西省报告学生肺结核病例。2008-2013年学生总人数分别为7813134名、7618213名、7438600名、7200128名、6778025名和6465627名。采用描述性统计方法分析学生肺结核流行病学特征。采用χ^2检验比较率和构成比，采用χ趋势^2检验分析其变化趋势，以P〈0．05为差异有统计学意义。结果2008-2013年陕西省报告学生肺结核患者例数分别为3947例、3205例、2418例、1637例、1631例和1410例，学生肺结核发病率分别为50．52／10万、42．07／10万、32．51／10万、22．74／10万、24．06／10万和21．81／10万，呈逐年下降趋势（χ趋势^2=1382．68，P〈0．05），年递降率为15．47％；同期，报告学生涂阳肺结核患者例数分别为764例、500例、413例、269例、193例和138例，学生涂阳肺结核发病率分别为9．78／10万、6．56／10万、5．55／10万、3．74／10万、2．85／10万和2．13／10万，呈逐年下降趋势（χ趋势^2=520．61，P〈0．05），年递降率为26．28％；学生病例占全人群肺结核病例的比率从2008年的12．07％（3947／32702）下降到2013年的6．17％（1410／22869）（χ^2=1023．15，P〈0．05）。每年春季报告学生肺结核病例多，其中3月份最多，平均报告312例，秋季波动上升，7、8、12月份报告病例较少，每月平均报告147例。2008-2013年学生肺结核报告发病率居前三位的市分别为榆林市（103．38／10万）、延安市（52．21／10万）、铜川市（51．48／10万）。报告学生肺结核病例中，18～20岁年龄组病例最多，共报告5696例，占学生总病例数的39．98％。学生病例中男8378例，女5870例，男：女=1．43：1。结论2008-2013年陕西省学生肺结核报告发病率呈下降趋势，其流行特征表现为春季发病最多，陕北地区发病率最高，男多于女，18-20岁年龄组学生应作为防控的重点人群。
Objective To analyze epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis among students, and to provide the evidence for TB prevention and control strategy. Methods We collected the students＇ pulmonary TB reporting data from the Infectious Diseases Reporting System （IDRS） from 2008 to 2013. The number of students were 7 813 134, 7 618 213, 7 438 600, 7 200 128, 6 778 025 and 6 465 627 respectively from 2008 to 2013 in Shaanxi province. We implemented a descriptive statistics method to analyze epidemic characteristics of students TB, and used Chiquare and trend Chi-square test to compare rates. P〈0. 05 is considered significant difference. Results The reported numbers of students TB from 2008 to 2013 were 3947, 3205, 2418, 1637, 1631 and 1410 respectively. The incidence of students TB from 2008 to 2013 were 50.52/100 000, 42.07/100 000, 32.51/100 000, 22, 74/100 000, 2 24. 06/100 000, and 21.81/100 000 respectively, which were declined by an average of 15.47% annually （χtrend^2= 1382.68,P〈0. 05） ;At the same time, the reported number of smear positive students PTB were 764, 500, 413, 269, 193 and 138 respectively with the incidence of 9.78/100 000, 6.56/100 000, 5.55/100 000, 3.74/100 000, 2.85/100 000 and 2.13/100 000 respectively, declining by annual average of 26.28% （χtrend^2=520. 61, P〈0.05）. The proportion of students TB in the whole patients decreased from 12. 07% （3947/32 702） in 2008 to 6.17% （1410/22 869）in 2013（χ^2 =1023.15,P〈0.05）. The number of reported students rib was highest in each spring, especially in March with an average of 312 cases, a little rise in autumn and reported the least in December, July and August each year with an average of 147 monthly. The top three students TB incidence city was Yulin （103.38/100 000）, Yan＇an （52.21/100 000）, Tongchuan （51.48/100 000） from 2008 to 2013. A total of 5696 cases of student PTB were reported in 18 to 20 years old group, accounting for 39.98~ in the whole rib patients. The male to female sex ratio was 1.43 ： 1. Conclusion The incidence of reported students TB had a declining trend from 2008 to 2013 in Shaanxi province. The number of reported students TB peaked in spring. The incidence of reported students TB in northern part of Shaanxi was highest, male higher than female. Students in 18 to 20 years old were the key popula- tion for TB prevention.
出处
《中国防痨杂志》
CAS
2015年第1期19-23,共5页
Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis
关键词
结核
肺/预防和控制
学生
流行病学研究
陕西省
Tuberculosis, pulmonary/prevention ~ control
Students
Epidemiologic studies
Shaanxi province
