摘要
研究常规粳稻的产量性状对产量的效应,为粳稻育种实践中选择相关性状提供信息.采用逐步回归与通径分析方法,对2011年河南省粳稻新品种区试结果进行分析.结果表明：各因素对产量的最终效应（绝对值）为：穗总粒数〉千粒重〉穗长〉公顷穗数,穗总粒数、穗长均为正效应,千粒重、公顷穗数均为负效应,公顷穗数通过穗长、穗总粒数对产量的间接负效应较强.穗数每增加1万穗/hm2,增产31.03 kg/hm2;穗长每增加1 cm/穗,增产203.17 kg/hm2;穗总粒数每增加1粒/穗,增产20.46 kg/hm2;而千粒重每增（减）1 g,产量减（增）71.55 kg/hm2.模拟得出稻谷产量8 265~10 125 kg/hm2的产量结构为：公顷穗数316.48~323.15万穗/hm2,穗长17.63~18.89 cm,穗总粒数119.21~147.07粒/穗,千粒重22.35~24.82 g.在高产育种实践中,应以增穗总粒数和穗长、适控总穗数、保千粒重为主攻方向,各产量因素优化协调是实现粳稻高产目标的根本保障.
In order to provide information for the selection of related traits in japonica rice breeding practice,using step regression and path analysis methods,the results of Henan province japonica rice new varieties region test in2011 have been analyzed.The results showed that the ultimate effect（absolute value） of various factors on the yield was grains number per panicle 〉 1 000 grain weight 〉 spike length 〉 spike number;grains number per panicle and spike length had positive effects;1 000 grain weight and spike number had the negative effects;indirect negative effect of spike number on yield was stronger through spike length and grains number per panicle.As spike number increases every 10 000/hm2,yield would be increased by 31.03 kg/hm2;as spike length increases 1 cm,yield would be increased by 203.17 kg/hm2;as grains number per panicle increases 1 grain,yield would be increased by 20.46 kg/hm2;and as 1000 grain weight increases（decrease） 1 g,yield reduces（increases） 71.55 kg/hm2.The simulated yield structure of rice yield was 8 265 ~10 125 kg/hm2.The spike number was 316.48 ~323.15 million/hm2,spike length17.63 ~18.89 cm,grains number per panicle 119.21 ~147.07 grains,1 000 grain weight 22.35 ~24.82 g.In high yield breeding practice,increasing grains number per panicle and spike length,appropriate controlling total spike number and retention of 1 000 grain weight should be taken as the main direction.Optimization and coordination of each yield is fundamental guarantee for the realization of japonica rice high yield objectives.
出处
《河南科技学院学报（自然科学版）》
2014年第6期1-6,共6页
Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)
基金
河南省重点科技攻关项目(132102110160)
2013年国家大学生创新项目(201310467011)
关键词
粳稻
产量性状
偏相关
通径分析
模拟产量结构
japonica rice
yield characters
partial correlation
path analysis
simulated yield structure
