摘要
为了解决日益严峻的水问题,我国决定建立并正在实施最严格水资源管理制度。为了细化和便于实施最严格水资源管理制度,需要对"水资源"这一基础术语的内涵和外延有一个符合法学理论的界定。通过比较和分析国内外、不同学科、不同国家法律对于水资源的不同认识、理解或者法律界定,基于最严格水资源管理制度的视野,需要综合考虑水物质及与其有关的各种作用和功能,对水资源的范围予以合理界定:在数量方面限于淡水资源,统计上仅包括地表水和地下水,不应该将空中水、土壤水和绿水包括在内;注重水质和纳污能力(容量)的管理;将水力、航运能力以及作为水资源载体的河流/水道、湖泊、湿地、水库/水坝、水塘、泉、井、冰川等,纳入最严格水资源管理制度的管理范围。
In order to solve the increasingly serious water problems and solve this major bottleneck in China’s sustainable economic and so-cial development,China has decided to establish and implement the most stringent water management system. In order to refine and imple-ment this system,it is necessary to clarify the basic term of“water resources”with its definition and extension according to legal theory. By comparing and analyzing different understandings and/or legal definitions of“water resources”,at home and abroad,from different disci-plines,and from different legal systems in different countries,based on the perspective of the most stringent water management system,the scope of“water resources”should be legitimately delimited in a way of considering the substance of water itself as well as its relevant roles and functions comprehensively,and therefore：（i）in terms of quantity,“water resources”should be limited to freshwater in principle,only surface water and groundwater should be calculated,and atmospheric water,soil water and green water should be excluded;（ii）the man-agement of water quality and self-purification capacity should be emphasized;（iii）the objects of the most stringent water management sys-tem should include hydraulic power resources,water transport resources and those carrier of water resources,such as river/waterway,lake, wetland,reservoir/dam,pond,spring,well,glacier,etc.
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第1期57-62,共6页
Yellow River
基金
国家社科基金重大项目(12&ZD215)
关键词
水资源
概念
最严格水资源管理制度
比较研究
water resources concept most stringent water management system comparative study
