摘要
目的探讨白血病患儿化疗后骨髓抑制期预防感染的护理措施。方法选择本院2008年3月-2014年3月收治的42例白血病患儿作为研究对象,在化疗后骨髓抑制期给予综合护理,主要包括心理护理、口腔护理、皮肤护理、饮食护理、出血防治、感染防治等,观察患儿骨髓抑制期的并发症发生率及生存情况,并检测红细胞指数,观察抑制期后骨髓造血功能的恢复情况。结果骨髓抑制期出现发热15例、鼻出血5例、牙龈出血3例、口腔溃疡2例,经过综合护理后均恢复正常。1例患儿发生脑出血后死亡,其余患儿均安全度过骨髓抑制期。恢复期的MCV、MCH、MCHC指数显著低于骨髓抑制期,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论对化疗后骨髓抑制期的白血病患儿进行心理、口腔、皮肤、饮食等针对性护理,能有效预防感染,帮助患者平稳度过骨髓抑制期。
Objective To explore the nursing measures of infection prevention during bone marrow suppression period in children with leukemia after chemotherapy. Methods 42 children with leukemia from March 2008 to March 2014 in our hospital were selected as research objects.All participants were given comprehensive nursing during bone marrow suppression period after chemotherapy,such as mental nursing,mouth care,skin care,diet nursing and prevention and control of bleeding and infection,etc.The complications and survival conditions during bone marrow suppression period in these children were observed.Erythrocyte index was detected in order to observe recovery of bone marrow hematopoietic function after suppression. Results During bone marrow suppression period,there were fever in 15 cases,epistaxis in 5 cases,gingival bleeding in 3 cases,and dental ulcer in 2 cases.After comprehensive nursing,these abovementioned cases all returned to normal,only one child was dead due to cerebral hemorrhage,and the rest all safely lived through bone marrow suppression.During recovery period,the index of MCV,MCH,MCHC in these children was lower than that during bone marrow suppression period,with significant difference（P〈0.05）. Conclusion For children with leukemia after chemotherapy,targeted nursing on psychology,mouth,skin,and diet can effectively prevent infection during bone marrow suppression period,and help them to smoothly live through bone marrow suppression.
出处
《中国当代医药》
2014年第36期132-134,共3页
China Modern Medicine
关键词
白血病
化疗
骨髓抑制期
感染
红细胞指数
Leukemia
Chemotherapy
Bone marrow suppression
Infection
Erythrocyte index
