摘要
中国是世界第二大经济体、第一大制造大国,但还不是消费大国。理论研究表明,生产大国向消费大国的传导机制有五个:第一,生产扩大导致居民收入上升从而促进消费;第二,生产扩大通过降低消费品价格促进消费;第三,生产扩大导致市场主体预期乐观从而形成生产与消费的良性循环;第四,生产扩大促进信贷发展进而促进生产和消费的良性循环;第五,生产扩大增加居民闲暇时间从而增加消费。美国经验表明,增加收入、降低消费品价格、提高消费者预期、增加新产品供给和增加居民闲暇时间是促进消费的主要因素,维持高消费率的主要因素是财富效应、消费者预期乐观和消费信贷的发展。需要切实提高居民收入、提高生产效率、降低消费品价格、稳定居民预期以及完善金融服务,积极促进中国从生产大国向消费大国的转变。
China is the world＇s second--largest economy, the biggest manufacturing country, but it＇s not a major consuming country. Theoretical studies have shown that the transmission mechanism from manufacturing country to consumption one includes： first, production expansion promotes con- sumption by increasing household income; second, production expansion promotes consumption by lowering the prices of consumer goods; third, production expansion helps form optimistic expectation of market subject to form a virtuous cycle of production and consumption; fourth, production expan- sion promotes the development of the credit to form a virtuous cycle of production and consumption; fifth, production expansion promotes consumption by increasing residents＂ leisure time. The experi- ence from the United States shows that the main factors to promote consumption is to increase resi- dents＂ income, to lower consumer goods price, to improve consumer expectations, to increase new product supply and increase the residents＂ leisure time. The main factors to maintain high consumption rate are wealth effect, consumers＂ optimistic expectation and the development of consumer credit. So, it is necessary to realize the transition from a major producer to a major consumer in China positively by increasing people＇s income, improving the production efficiency, reducing consumer goods prices, stabilizing residents＇ expectation and improving financial services.
出处
《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2015年第1期119-127,共9页
Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(14ZDA052)
(08CJL007)
国家自然科学基金项目(71373212)
霍英东教育基金会项目(131085)
教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"
西南财经大学"消费经济学创新团队"(JBK140503)
关键词
生产大国
消费大国
传导机制
美国经验
major manufacturing country
major consuming country
transmission mechanism
experience from the United States
