摘要
本文运用权变评价法(CVM)调查了北京市居民对大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)健康风险的认知状况、行为选择及降低健康风险的支付意愿。结果表明:182.5%的居民认为北京市空气污染较为严重,52.4%的居民知道雾霾天气是由PM2.5引起的并认为其会对自己和家人的健康带来影响,92%的居民认为政府应该承担更多降低PM2.5健康风险的责任。2在降低风险的行为中,能够节省生活成本、有益于身心健康的生活方式和符合日常生活习惯的行为得到了最积极的响应,而会降低居民生活舒适性和增加生活成本的行为支持率相对较低。3在降低30%的PM2.5浓度情景下,居民的支付意愿平均为22.78元/月;在降低60%的PM2.5浓度情景下,居民的支付意愿平均为39.82元/月。而且,居民的个体特征、经济条件、居住位置、交通方式、认知水平及风险沟通等因素,都对降低PM2.5健康风险的支付意愿产生显著影响。
This paper used contingent valuation method （CVM） to investigate the cognitive status, behaviors selection and willingness to pay of Beijing residents for reducing PM2.5 health risks. The results demonstrated： ①82.5% of the residents deemed that air pollution in Beijing was serious, 52.4% of the residents realized that haze days were caused by PM2.5 and concerned for themselves and their family＇s health, 92% of the residents deemed that the government should take more responsibiliies to reduce health risks caused by PM2.5.②It is found that among the activities to reduce risk, the activities that were welcomed are those which can save the cost of living, be good to lifestyle and conform to daily habits; while the activities that would reduce the living comfort and increase the cost of living got less support. ③Under the scenario of reducing 30% concentration of PM2.5, the willingness to pay by the residents is 22.78 RMB/month; while under the scenario of reducing 60% concentration of PM2.5, the willingness to pay by the residents is 39.82 RMB/month. Besides, factors such as resident personal characteristic, economic condition, resident location, transportation, cognitive level and risk communication etc.. All exert significant influences on the willingness to pay to reduce PM2.5 health risk.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期127-133,共7页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目"基于CVM的城市大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)健康风险评估及风险管理策略研究"(编号:41371530)
关键词
PM2.5
健康风险
权变评价法
风险认知
支付意愿
PM2.5
health risk
contingent valuation method
risk cognition
willingness to pay
