摘要
依据塔里木盆地周缘蛇绿岩年龄及盆内钻井岩性、古生物、地球物理等资料,以古天山洋和古昆仑洋的开合演化为线索,将盆地构造沉积响应划分为五个期次。南华纪-震旦纪早世Rodinia泛大陆开始裂解,塔里木陆块北部发育南天山海槽、南部发育库地小洋盆,同期塔里木盆地只有中北部地区沉积碎屑物,塘古孜巴斯至古城墟地区为古隆起无沉积;震旦纪晚世-奥陶纪中世南天山洋和北昆仑洋(原库地小洋盆)进入成年期,塔里木陆块西部高地发育快速生长的碳酸盐岩台地,东部低地(满加尔)发育饥饿盆地,塔里木陆块形成了西台东盆的沉积格局;奥陶纪晚世-泥盆纪北昆仑洋和南天山洋分别向中昆仑和中天山微陆块俯冲(最终与塔里木陆块拼贴),塔里木陆块边缘逐渐出现不同规模的陆源剥蚀区,陆块内碳酸盐台地逐渐消亡;石炭纪-二叠纪中世北天山洋和南昆仑洋-阿尼玛卿洋关闭造山,塔里木陆块内部实际处于广义的弧后扩张状态,期间接受了海陆交互相碎屑岩沉积及海相碳酸盐岩沉积;二叠纪晚世至今金沙江洋、澜沧江洋、班公-怒江洋和雅鲁藏布江洋等先后关闭,受此影响天山、昆仑造山带强烈抬升,塔里木盆地发育库车和塔西南2个前陆盆地。
Base on peripheral ophiolite, lithological association, paleontology, geophysics of Tarim basin, ac- cording to the evolution of Palaeo-Tianshan ocean and Palaeo-Kunlun ocean the Tarim basin tectono-sedimentary evolution was divided into five episodes. During Nanhuan Period to early Sinian Rodinia breakup made the south Tianshan-trough on the north of Tarim and Palaeo-Kudi ocean on the south of Tarim, meanwhile there were detrital sediment in the north-center of Tarim basin and there were no sediment in the area of Tangguzibasi-Guchengxu. During late Sinian to middle Ordovician South Tianshan ocean and North Kunlun ocean（ from Palaeo-Kudi ocean） continued to expand, there was high constructive carbonate platform in the upland of western Tarim and starved ba- sin in the lowland of eastern Tarim （Manjiaer）, West-Platfrom-East-Basin environment was present in the Tarim landmass. During late Ordovician to Devonian North Kunlun ocean subduct to Middle Kunlun landmass and South Tianshan ocean subduct to Middle Tianshan landmass （the both landmasses had been collisional with Tarim） , the denudations gradually appeared in the edge of basin and the carbonate platform gradually disappeared. During Car- boniferous to middle Permian the North Tianshan ocean and South Kunlun-Animaqing ocean cloused to be orogenic, in fact Tarim landmass belonged to back-arc spreading zone, there were paralic clasolite and marine carbonate. During late Permian to present jinshajiang ocean, Lantsang ocean, Bangong-Nujiang ocean and Yarlung Zangbo ocean closed one by one, the Tianshan and Kunlun orogenic belt uplifted strongly, the Kuche foreland basin and southwestern Tarim foreland basin evolved in the Tarim basin.
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2014年第35期5-15,共11页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
中国石化西北分公司基金项目(KY-S-2008-0862)资助
关键词
塔里木盆地
天山洋
昆仑山洋
洋盆开合
构造沉积响应
蛇绿岩
Tarim Basin Tianshan ocean Kunlun ocean the opening-closing of ocean basin inresponse to Tectonic-Sedimentation ophiolite
