摘要
研发新型肥料,提高肥料利用效率,是现代农业长期面临的任务。将不同温度制备的玉米秸秆生物质炭与NPK化肥混合制造成生物质炭复混肥,并通过田间试验,比较生物质炭复混肥对小白菜和樱桃萝卜产量及硝酸盐含量的影响。结果表明：比起常规化学复混肥料,施用生物质炭复混肥,土壤有效磷、速效钾含量分别提高了14%~61%和3%~29%;小白菜生物量提高了21%~93%,N、K含量分别提高了3%~64%和39%~41%;樱桃萝卜生物量提高了20%~45%,但NPK含量没有显著差异（P〉0.05）;施用500℃下制备的生物质炭复混肥显著提高2种蔬菜硝酸盐含量,但远低于食用质量标准,并不影响蔬菜品质。总体看来,施用高温生物质炭复混肥,对于提高小白菜和樱桃萝卜产量的效果更为显著。
It is a long-term task for modem agriculture to develop innovative fertilizer and enhance the use efficiency of mineral nutrients. Granular fertilizer was made by mixing maize straw biochar produced at different temperatures with NPK mineral fertilizers. A field test on moisture soil was set up in order to investigate the effects of biochar-complex fertilizer on the yields and nitrate content of the cabbage and radish. The results showed that the biochar complex fertilizer could.significantly enhance the concentrations of soil available P and K by 14%-61% and 3%-29% respectively, compared with common chemical complex fertilizer. The fresh biomass of Brassica ehinensis had an increase of 21%-93%. The contents of N and K in the cabbage were lifted by 3%-64% and 39%-41% respectively. The fresh biomass of Raphanus sativus var. radculus was increased by 20%-45%. But the concentrations of NPK were similar in the radish of all the treatments （/%0.05）. The nitrate concentration of the fresh biomass was significantly higher in both vegetables under the treatment of 500℃ biocar-complex fertilizer. Fortunately, the nitrate concentration was far below the limit of direct eligible vegetable and didn＇ t decrease the quality of these two vegetables. Generally, the biochar produced at high temperature had much stronger impacts on soil and plants.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
2014年第34期30-34,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"河套地区盐碱地耐盐植物高效利用与生态修复模式研究与示范"(2013BAC02B06)
