摘要
针对海上油田储油平台海洋储罐的特点,从RBI技术出发,结合近几年国内海洋储罐发生的失效案例,深入分析了基于RBI原理的海洋储罐评估过程,详尽论述了对国内海洋储罐开展RBI评估的必要性。风险由失效概率和失效后果两个因素决定,与失效概率密切相关的参数包括通用失效频率、损伤因子和企业管理系数;海洋储罐不仅具有陆地储罐所不具备的特定失效后果,而且失效后果的严重性也比陆地储罐高一个数量级,其设备维修费、停产损失费、环境清理费、环境处罚费巨大。将RBI评估运用在海洋储罐上,其作用主要体现在检验周期的优化和检验策略的制定两个方面。建议制定专门针对海洋储罐的相关RBI技术规范,研发评估软件,建立风险评估档案,实现精确的定量RBI评估,为海洋储罐在工程应用中积累案例和数据。
In view of the characteristics of ASTs on offshore oil storage platforms, and based on certain cases of offshore tank failure occurred in China over the years, this paper makes a deep analysis on the RBI-based assessment process of offshore ASTs, and expounds the necessity of such assessment in China. Risk is decided by failure probability and failure consequence, and parameters in close relation to failure probability include general failure frequency, damage factor and enterprise management coefficient. Offshore ASTs may suffer unique failure consequences that onshore ASTs don’t have, with severity of such consequences being an order of magnitude higher than that of onshore ASTs. So, they are costly for equipment maintenance, shutdown loss, environmental cleanup and environmental penalties. The RBI-based assessment can be used for offshore ASTs, mainly aiming to optimize the testing cycle and define the testing strategy. This paper suggest the realization of accurate and quantitative RBI assessment by establishing offshore tank-specific RBI standards, developing the assessment software and building the risk assessment archive, so as to accumulate examples and data for application of offshore ASTs in projects.
出处
《油气储运》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第1期8-14,共7页
Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation
关键词
海洋储罐
RBI
风险评估
offshore ASTs
risk-based inspection（RBI）
risk assessment
