摘要
为明确南疆地区杂交棉适宜的氮肥基追比,以兆丰1号和鲁棉研30号为试材,设置3个氮肥基追比（N1,基肥∶追肥=0∶10;N2,基肥∶追肥=2∶8;N3,基肥∶追肥=4∶6）水平,研究氮肥基追比对杂交棉生长发育和产量形成的影响。结果表明,在施氮量相同的条件下,N1处理缩短花铃期,其生育期较N2、N3提前10～11d,N2、N3处理间差异不大,N1处理显著降低杂交棉株高,茎秆纤细,主茎叶少而窄,果枝数减少,蕾铃数量少。N2处理的杂交棉株型合理,植株健壮,真叶14.4～14.8片,倒4叶宽和果枝数具有优势。3个处理的杂交棉单株地上部生物量积累趋势一致,N2处理增大干物质快速积累速率和延长快速积累持续时间,提高花后干物质累积量。“三桃”比例均以伏前桃和伏桃为主体桃,N2处理更为合理。通过增加成铃和提高铃质量使皮棉产量达4 223.3kg·hm^-2以上。
To investigate the effects of different rations of base and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer on plant growth,yield and quality on hybrid cotton in south of Xinjiang,field experiment was conducted with 3groups different ratios of base and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer,including N1（base fertilizer to topdressing fertilizer was 0∶10）,N2（base fertilizer to topdressing fertilizer was 2∶8）,and N3（base fertilizer to topdressing fertilizer was 4∶6）and Zhaofeng 1and Lumianyan 30 were served as materials.Results showed that under the equal amounts of nitrogen,the flower-bolling stage appeared early in N1 treatment,which caused the growth period was 10-11 dshorter compared with the N2 and N3treatment;and there were no different between the N2 and N3treatment.The N1 treatment significantly reduced the plant height of hybrid cotton characterized as slender stem,little and narrow leaves of main stem,less branch number,and less bud and boll number;and the N2 treatment had formed strong plant,the stem leaf was 14.4-14.8,and better performance in width of the top fourth leaf and fruit branch number than others.The above ground biomass accumulation of hybrid cotton plant showed the same trend among 3treatments.However,N2 treatment caused rapid dry matter accumulation and longer duration of accumulation,which increased its biomass accumulation after theappearing flower stage.The summer and autumn bolls were dominant for all three treatments,but the distribution of bolls was more reasonable for the 2∶8nitrogen treatment（N2）.The lint yield,due to the increase of boll number and boll weight,was more than 4 223.3kg·hm^-2.
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第12期102-109,共8页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD11B02)
新疆维吾尔自治区"十二五"科技支撑(201231102)
关键词
氮肥基追比
杂交棉
生长发育
产量
Ratios of base and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer
Hybrid cotton
Plant growth
Yield
