摘要
目的调查贵州省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒（简称燃煤型氟中毒）病区8-12岁儿童氟斑牙病情，为病区达标考核验收提供依据。方法2013、2014年，在贵州省13个县（区）的所有历史病区，按《氟斑牙诊断》（WS／T208-2011）标准对全体在校8～12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查；同时收集1986、2000年13个县（区）8。12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况调查资料；将1986、2000年调查结果进行比较，并将2000年与本次调查结果进行比较，按照《地方性氟中毒病区控制标准》和《燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病区消除》进行判定。结果在13个县（区）、166个乡、1673个行政村共调查了229428名8—12岁儿童，氟斑牙检出率为5．42％（12446／229428）．氟斑牙指数为0．094。13个县（区）氟斑牙检出率范围在2．83％-9．39％，氟斑牙指数范围在0．037-0．174。在调查的1673个行政村中，有98．09％（1641／1673）的村检出率≤15％，1．9l％（32／1673）的村检出率在〉15％。30％。本次调查的13个县（区）氟斑牙检出率与2000年比较，差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．01）。2000年与1986年比较，遵义县、湄潭县、白云区儿童氟斑牙检出率差异无统计学意义（χ2=0．045、0．067、3．420，P均〉0．05）；惠水县、乌当区、花溪区明显降低（χ2=537．70、352．03、374．84，P均〈0．01）；红花岗区、镇宁县、长顺县、平坝县、龙里县、息烽县、开阳县均有不同程度上升（χ2=9．48、219．97、116．93、288．24、626．39、272．38、14．35，P均〈0．01）。结论贵州省燃煤型氟中毒病区8—12岁儿童总的氟斑牙检出率显著降低，且均低于10％。除平坝县尚有32个村病情处于病区控制标准（15％）外，其他所有调查病区病情均达到消除水平。建议对这些病区按照有关卫生标准组织全面的考核评估。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 in coal- burning type of endemic fluorosis areas in Guizhou Province and to provide a scientific basis for assessment and acceptance of the diseased areas. Methods According to the ＂Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis＂ （WS/T 208-2011）, dental fluorosis of all children aged 8 - 12 were examined in historic diseased areas of 13 counties （districts） from 2013 to 2014. The date of dental fluorosis of all children aged 8 - 12 was collected in 13 countries （districts） in 1986 and 2000. The date of 1986 was compared with that of 2000; the survey results were compared with those of 2000, and assessed by the standards for ＂Control Criteria for Endemic Fluorosis Areas＂ and ＂Elimination of Coal- burning Type of Endemic Fluorosis＂. Results The total detectable rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 was 5.42% （12 446/229 428）, and the total dental fluorosis index was 0.094 that covered 229 428 children from 1 673 villages of 166 towns of 13 counties （districts） in the province. The detection rate and dental fluorosis index in every county （district） ranged from 2.83% to 9.39% and from 0.037 to 0.174, respectively. The ratio of dental fluorosis detection rate ≤15% and 〉 15 - 30% was accounted for 98.09% （1 641/1 673） and 1.91% （32/1 673）, respectively in the 1 673 villages. Compared with that of 2000 in each county （district）, the difference was statistically significant（all P 〈 0.01）. Compared between 2000 and 1986, the differences were not statistically significant in Zunyi County, Meitan County and Baiyun District（ χ2 = 0.045, 0.067, 3.420, all P 〉 0.05）, but the prevalence was significantly lower in Huishui County, Wudang District and Huaxi District （χ2 = 537.70, 352.03, 374.84, all P 〈 0.01）. The prevalence was increased to varying degrees in counties （districts） including Honghuagang, Zhenning, Changshun, Pingba, Longli, Xifeng and Kaiyang （χ2 = 9.48, 219.97, 116.93, 288.24, 626.39, 272.38, 14.35, all P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions The detection rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 is significantly dropped and lower than 10%. All surveyed countries are up to the standards of elimination except Pingba, where 32 villages are in a level of control. It＇s recommended that comprehensive assessment should be carried out with relevant health standard in endemic fluorosis areas.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期119-122,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
贵州省卫生厅科学技术基金（gzwkj2012-1-119）
关键词
氟中毒
牙
煤
地方病
数据收集
Fluorosis, dental
Coal
Endemic diseases
Data collection
