摘要
NH3在大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)和灰霾形成过程中扮演着重要角色。为了解太原市NH3来源及排放情况,利用排放因子法,根据2013年该市各类氨排放源的活动水平数据,对NH3年排放量进行了估算,并分析其地域分布特征。结果表明,太原市NH3排放总量约为11 445 t,其中99.3%来自于人为源排放,0.7%来自自然源排放;在人为NH3排放源中,农业源是太原市的主要排放贡献源,其中畜禽养殖排放量最大,占34.2%;其次为氮肥施用,占18.9%;畜禽源中,鸡是NH3排放最大贡献源,占畜禽源NH3排放总量的31.0%,其次是猪,其贡献率为28.5%;在太原市下辖的六区三县一市中,畜禽NH3排放量约3 904 t,依贡献值从大到小排序为:清徐县>小店区>阳曲县>古交市>晋源区>尖草坪区>娄烦县>杏花岭区>万柏林区>迎泽区。说明在人为氨源排放过程中,畜禽养殖的贡献很大,且主要分布在郊区县市中,建议加强对畜禽养殖业的管理,采取有效措施,严格控制氨气排放。
Ammonia （NH3） plays a vital role in the formation of PMz5 and dust-haze. NH3 emission from various sources were calculated and analyzed based on activity data and emission factors to get clear on NH3 emission and distribution in Taiyuan and further provided basis for PMzs pollution control. The results showed that ammonia emission amount of Taiyuan was 11 445 t in 2013, emission from human activities account for 99.3% of total NH3 emission, and emission from natural sources only contributed to 0.7% ; the agriculture sources were major contributors of anthropogenic ammonia sources, in which livestock source shared 34.2% and the contribution of application of nitrogen fertilizers was 18.9%; the poultry was the largest contributor among the livestock source, accounting for 31.0% of the livestock emission, followed by the pig with a contribution of 28.5%; the order of livestock breeding of ammonia sources in the ten areas of Taiyuan were Qingxu county 〉 Xiaodian district 〉 Yangqu county 〉 Gujiao city 〉 Jinyuan district 〉 Jiancaoping district 〉 Loufan county 〉 Xinghualing district 〉 Wanbailin district 〉 Yingze district. The results indicated that the livestock breeding was the largest contributor of ammonia emission in Taiyuan, which mainly distributed in the suburban counties. It suggests that we should strengthen the management of livestock breeding to strictly control the ammonia emission.
出处
《山西农业科学》
2015年第2期176-179,184,共5页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家环保部公益项目(201309009)
国家自然科学基金项目(21177078)
山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2013-012)
山西省社会发展科技攻关项目(2013031305-1)
关键词
NH3排放
排放因子
分布特征
畜禽养殖
太原市
NH3 emission
emission factor
distribution characteristics
livestock breeding
Taiyuan city
