摘要
目的探讨小儿腹部肿瘤临床表现与彩色多普勒超声诊断。方法选取2013年4月至2014年1月本院确诊的腹部肿瘤患儿31例,分别行二维超声及彩色多普勒超声检查,观察小儿腹部肿瘤类型、年龄分布、临床表现、内部回声及血流,统计分析二维超声及彩色多普勒超声诊断准确率。结果神经母细胞瘤、肾母细胞瘤在小儿腹部肿瘤中的发生率最高,其次为腹膜后畸胎瘤和卵巢畸胎瘤;不同类型的肿瘤好发年龄及性别不同,其中腹膜后畸胎瘤好发年龄为(1.1±0.8)岁,神经母细胞瘤为(6.7±5.4)岁,卵巢畸胎瘤为(8.4±5.7)岁,肾母细胞瘤为(1.7±0.5)岁,肝母细胞瘤为(0.5±0.3)岁;腹膜后畸胎瘤的主要临床表现为腹部肿块、腹胀,神经母细胞瘤为腹部肿块、腹痛、发热,卵巢畸胎瘤为腹痛、腹部肿块,肾母细胞瘤为腹部肿块、血尿,肝母细胞瘤为腹部肿块、腹胀;腹膜后畸胎瘤以囊性无回声为主,神经母细胞瘤为实质低回声,卵巢畸胎瘤为囊性无回声,肾母细胞瘤为实质混合回声,肝母细胞瘤为实质强回声;腹膜后畸胎瘤的彩色多普勒超声特点为肿瘤内部无或少血流、肿瘤周边无血流,神经母细胞瘤为内部血流丰富、周边有血流,卵巢畸胎瘤为内部无或少血流、周边无血流,肾母细胞瘤为内部血流丰富、周边有血流,肝母细胞瘤为内部血流丰富,周边有血流;与病理诊断结果比较,二维超声临床诊断准确24例,误诊7例,诊断准确率为77.42%;彩色多普勒超声诊断准确30例,误诊1例,诊断准确率为96.77%,彩色多普勒诊断准确率显著高于二维超声,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声通过显示血流分布的密度,提示肿瘤的血供情况,为诊断小儿腹部肿瘤的分型及分期提供参考。
Objective To investigate the diagnosis of abdominal tumor clinical manifestation and color doppler ultrasound. Method From April 2013 to January 2014 in the diagnosis of abdominal tumor department for 31 children, for two dimensional ultrasound and color doppler ultrasound examination. Observed abdominal tumor types in children, age distribution, clinical manifestations, internal echo and blood flow, statistical analysed of two-dimensional ultrasound and color doppler ultrasound diagnostic accuracy. Result Neuroblastoma abdominal tumor in children, the highest incidence of wilms tumor, followed by retroperitoneal teratoma and ovarian teratoma, different type of tumor and age and sex were different, the retroperitoneal teratoma good hair age was（1.1±0.8） years old, neuro blastoma from（6.7±5.4） years old, ovarian teratoma good hair at（8.4±5.7） years old, nephroblastoma good hair at（1.7±0.5） years old, hepatoblastoma good hair at（0.5±0.3） years old. Retroperitoneal teratoma of the main clinical manifestations were abdominal mass and abdominal distension, neuroblastoma were abdominal mass, abdominal pain, fever, abdominal pain and abdominal mass of ovarian teratoma, wilms tumor were abdominal mass and hematuria, hepatoblastoma were abdominal mass and abdominal distension. Retroperitoneal cystic teratoma with no echo, neuroblastoma was the essence of low echo, teratoma of ovary cystic anechoic, nephroblastoma substance mixed echo, hepatoblastoma solid strong echo. Retroperitoneal teratoma ultrasound color doppler for tumor inside no or less blood, no blood flow around the tumor, neuroblastoma internal rich blood flow, blood flow of ovarian teratoma surrounding, for no or less blood, peripheral without blood, nephroblastoma internal rich blood, peripheral blood flow, hepatic blastoma for the internal rich blood, peripheral blood flow. Through determined after pathology, two dimensional ultrasonography in clinical diagnosis of 24 cases, misdiagnosis of 7 cases, diagnostic accuracy of 77.42%, color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of 30 cases, 1 case of misdiagnosis, diagnostic accuracy of 96.77%, color Doppler diagnostic accuracy rate was substantially higher than the two-dimensional ultrasound, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. ConclusionColor Doppler ultrasound can show the density distribution of blood flow, blood supply of tumor, and provide reference to tumor staging of children with abdominal tumor.
出处
《中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）》
2014年第11期100-103,共4页
Chinese Journal of the Frontiers of Medical Science(Electronic Version)
关键词
腹部肿瘤
小儿
临床表现
彩色多普勒超声
Abdominal tumor
Children
Clinical manifestation
Color doppler
