摘要
依据2009-2010年期间对长江口南支、北支、北港和长江口外水域春季和秋季海洋综合调查,对长江口不同水域的浮游动物群落进行比较.结果显示,春季长江口水域共出现浮游动物27种,其中南支出现11种,北支出现9种,北港出现5种,长江口外出现17种.秋季时长江口出现浮游动物71种,其中南支出现6种,北支出现11种浮游动物,北港出现8种,而长江口外共出现63种.种类数和多样性指数分布在春秋季均以长江口外为高值区,口内相对较低.长江口外水域的站位平均种类数在春季和秋季均为4个水域最高,且与其他水域之间有显著性差异(P<0.05).南支和北支的站位平均种类数在春季和秋季差异性均不显著(P>0.05).长江口外水域的站位平均多样度仍为春季(1.69)和秋季(3.73)最高,春季时北港站位平均多样度为各水域最低,秋季时南支多样度最低,仅为0.49.春季时,中华华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus sinensis)是南支、北支、北港的重要种类,其丰度百分比均高于50%且出现率均为100%,长江口外水域的重要种类为虫肢歪水蚤(Tortanus vermiculus)和真刺唇角水蚤(Labidocera euchaeta).秋季时各水域重要种类各不相同,其中南支水域重要种类为汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus dorrii),其出现率为100%,丰度百分比高达93.55%,其他水域的重要种类丰度百分比均不超过30%.本研究表明,盐度是影响长江口不同水域浮游动物群落差异的重要因素,水团和悬沙浓度等因素也对其有一定影响.
To compare the zooplankton communities in the South Branch,North Branch,North Channel and offshore of the Changjiang（Yangtze River） estuary,two cruises were carried out in the autumn of 2009 and the spring of 2010.A total of 27 species of zooplankton were identified in the spring,including 17 in the offshore,11 in the south branch,9 in the north branch,and only 5 in the North Channel.In autumn,altogether 71 species were collected,including 6 in the south branch,11 in the north branch,8 species in the North Channel area and 63 in the offshore.Either in the spring or autumn,the average species numbers of the offshore were the highest.Additionally,species numbers of the offshore were significantly higher than that in other areas（P〈0.05） for both seasons.There were no significant differences between the species number of the South Branch and the North Branch（P〉0.05）.The species number and diversity index of the inner area were lower than that of the offshore.The average diversity index of offshore area was still the highest in both spring（1.69） and autumn（3.73）.In spring,the diversity index of the North Channel was the lowest among four areas,while in autumn,that of the South Branch was the lowest（0.49）.In spring,Sinocalanus sinensis was the dominant species of the South Branch,North Branch and North Channel（ 50%of the total collection by number）.The dominant species of offshore area were Tortanus vermiculus and Labidocera euchaeta.While in autumn,the dominant species were different for each area.In the South Branch,the most important species was S.dorrii（93.55% of the total collection by number）.The main species was S,dorrii in the South Branch area,S.stenellus and T.vermiculusin in the North Branch and Subeucalanus subcrassus in the offshore（ 30% of the total collection by number）.Numbers of species and diversity index seemed to vary among different areas of Changjiang estuary.The underline mechanisms of the regional variation in species number were mainly the salinity and suspended sediment concentrations.Generally speaking,zooplankton was more abundant in the polyhaline water.Diversity index was largely affected by both species number and abundance percentage.The zooplankton community was mainly influenced by the Changjiang diluted water and offshore water mass through affecting the salinity.In autumn,the Kuroshio flowed northward carrying polyhaline water,and brought subtropical species to the offshore of the Changjiang estuary.Since the North Channel is located in the estuarine turbidity zone,suspended sediment concentration of that area is higher than the other areas,which might limit the distribution of some species.To sum up,salinity is the most important factor causing the difference of zooplankton community among different areas in the Changjiang estuary.Besides,water masses and estuarine turbidity also influence the zooplankton community.
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期88-95,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41176131)
海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201305027)资助~~
关键词
长江口
浮游动物
群落结构
盐度
中华华哲水蚤
汤匙华哲水蚤
Changjiang River estuary
zooplankton
community structure
salinity
Sinocalanus sinensis
Sinocalanus dorrii
