摘要
目的调查阳春砂居群表型性状的变异范围,寻找与产量密切相关的表型性状,为今后阳春砂品种选育提供参考。方法随机标记阳春砂仁植株,观测其表型性状,并进行表型性状变异、相关及通径分析。结果调查的阳春砂仁3个居群10个表型性状变异较大,各表型性状变异系数从大到小依次为果数>叶数>分蘖茎粗>叶舌长>株高>叶长>叶宽>茎粗>果型指数>果横径>果纵径。相关性分析表明,果型指数与株高无显著相关性(P>0.05),与叶舌长、果横径及产地环境呈极显著相关性(P<0.01)。阳春砂仁各主要性状对果型指数的作用效应依次为:果横径(0.9025)>果纵径(0.8668)>分蘖茎粗(0.0088)>茎粗(0.0086)>产地环境(0.0023)>叶宽(0.0021)>果数(0.0011)>叶数(0.0003)>叶舌长(0.0003)>叶长(0.0002)>株高(0)。将砂仁划分为不同果型类型,大果圆粒果型性状优于大果长粒和小果圆粒。结论西双版纳地区阳春砂仁居群表形性状变异丰富,不同果型类型挑选时,果横径对果型指数的直接贡献作用最大,可以作为首选性状。茎粗、叶数、叶长也有不同程度促进作用,可以作为辅助选择性状。大果圆粒可以作为优良品种选育的首选果型。
Objective Investigating the phenotypic trait variation range of Amomum villosum Lour, and looking for phenotypic traits closely related with yield, and to provide reference for its breeding in the future. Methods Randomly labelled plants of Amomum villosum Lour, observed its phenotypic traits and analysis by variation, correlation and path analysis. Results 10 phenotypic traits variation in 3 cultivated populations of Amomum villosum Lour were great, the coefficient of variation for each phenotypic traits as follows：fruit number〉leaf number〉tiller stem diameter〉ligule length〉plant height〉leaf length〉leaf width〉stem diameter〉fruit shape index〉fruit diameter〉fruit longitudinal diameter. Correlation analysis showed that the fruit shape index had no significant correlation（P〉0.05）with plant height, but had a highly significant correlation（P〈0.01 ） with Ligule length, fruit diameter and origin environment. Effect of the other phenotypic traits on fruit shape index was as follows：fruit diameter （0.9025）〉fruit longitudinal diameter （0.8668） 〉tiller stem diameter （0.0088） 〉stem diameter （0.0086） 〉origin environment （0.0023） 〉leaf width （0.0021 ） 〉fruit number （0.0011 ） 〉leaf number （ 0.0003 ） 〉ligule length （ 0.0003 ） 〉leaf length （0.0002） 〉plant height （0）. The fruit of Amomum villosum Lour can be divide into different types, fruit of big-round type was better than the big-long type＇ and small- round type. Conclusion The phenotypic traits of Amomum villosum Lou in Xishuangbanna had rich variations, we found fruit of big-round type are better than the big-long type and small-round type on yield and quality. When choosing different fruit types, fruit diameter with a largest direct contribution to fruit shape index can be used as the preferred character. Stem diameter, leaf number, leaf length with a certain contribution to fruit shape index can be used as the second preferred traits. The big-round-type fruit would be the best fruit type for its breeding.
出处
《云南中医学院学报》
2015年第1期38-41,47,共5页
Journal of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
中华人民共和国工业和信息化部中药材扶持项目:国家中医药管理局公共卫生重大专项
云南省教育厅南药研究协同创新中心专项:中国医学科学院药用植物研究所创新团队研究计划(121306)
关键词
阳春砂
表型性状
相关分析
通径分析
A momum villosum
phenotypic trait
correlation analysis
path analysis
