摘要
19世纪以来体现生产要素流动阻抗的"运输成本",一直被主流经济学所忽视,直到20世纪90年代以克鲁格曼为代表的空间经济学的兴起,才逐渐将其纳入到研究框架内。本文尝试从经典文献中寻找研究运输成本的经济学基础,从现代文献及进一步拓展中梳理运输成本对经济增长的影响。运输成本与经济增长的关系主要体现在降低运输成本可以促进分工和专业化的发展,并促进了中间品的投入和刺激资本品的消耗,促进了产业集聚和知识外溢等。因此,研究运输成本对经济增长的影响不应仅局限于将它作为区域经济发展的一个变量,而应重新界定其内涵,重视考察它对一个国家资本流动、资本配置、人力配置的影响。
The＂transport costs＂,which stands for the friction of the flow of production factors was gradually incorporated into the economics research framework because of the rise of spatial economics represented by Krugman in the 1990 s.The paper tries to find out the economic foundation of transport costs from the classical literature,and its impact on economic growth from modern literature and empirical evidence. The function of transport costs to economic growth is mainly reflected by the promotion of labor division and specialization,investment of intermediate goods and capital goods,agglomeration,knowledge spillover and so on through the reduction of transport cost. Finally,this paper puts forward the idea that the study of transport costs＇ impact on economic growth should redefine its connotation,taking account to its effects on capital flows,capital allocation,manpower allocation of country,the transport costs should not be limited to a variable of the regional economic development.
出处
《商业研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第3期18-26,共9页
Commercial Research
关键词
运输成本
分工
集聚
经济增长
transport costs
labor division
agglomeration
economic growth
