摘要
皮肤和皮肤免疫细胞为机体遭受的损伤和感染提供免疫保护。角质形成细胞、皮肤树突状细胞和T细胞组成皮肤重要的免疫细胞。角质形成细胞通过Toll样受体和炎症复合体等预警系统感知危险因素侵扰,角质形成细胞活化后能释放细胞因子、趋化因子和抗菌肽,帮助启动皮肤免疫应答,同时招募其它固有免疫细胞参与早期固有免疫反应。皮肤树突状细胞,如表皮内分布的朗格汉斯细胞和真皮树突状细胞,能捕获摄入抗原并游走至皮肤引流区淋巴结将抗原递呈给幼稚T细胞从而启动皮肤特异性免疫应答。近年来的研究改变了人们对朗格汉斯细胞作为经典的树突状细胞在皮肤免疫反应作用的认识。越来越多的证据表明皮肤常驻T细胞比外周血中循环的T细胞在维持皮肤免疫稳态和皮肤病理状态下发挥更重要的作用。本文将着重介绍皮肤免疫细胞研究的最新进展以及皮肤免疫细胞在皮肤稳态和疾病中的作用。
Human skin and its immune cells provide essential protection of the human body from injury and infection. Keratinocytes,skin dendritic cells and T cells together comprise cardinal skin immune cells. Keratinocytes work as sensors of danger through alert systems such as Toll-like receptors and inflammasome. Upon activation,they can elaborate cytokines,chemokines and anti-microbial peptides to help initiate the skin immune response and recruit other innate immune cells into skin to join in early innate immune response. Skin dendritic cells,such as Langerhans cells in the epidermis and dermal dendritic cells,are strategically positioned for capture and uptake skin-tropic antigens,can migrate into skin draining lymph nodes and present antigens to nave T cells to initiate adaptive skin immune response. However,recent studies have challenged the traditional view of Langerhans cells as prototypical dendritic cells in skin immune response. Accumulating data highlight a key role of tissue-resident rather than circulating T cells in skin homeostasis and pathology. This review focuses on recent progress in dissecting the functional role of skin immune cells in health and disease.
出处
《实用医院临床杂志》
2015年第2期3-8,共6页
Practical Journal of Clinical Medicine
