摘要
通过对国内有关医院感染的调查和研究进行综述,总结医院感染中常见的流行性特征和防治措施,为医院感染的控制和管理提供参考依据;医院感染病原菌分布以革兰阴性菌为主,感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主,感染科室中ICU感染率最高,婴幼儿和老年人为易感人群,手是重要传播途径,抗菌药物滥用是医院感染的重要影响因素;为控制医院感染,需建立健全的医院感染的管理制度;加强医务人员,特别是新进人员及实习生培训,提高其医院感染认知水平;重视手卫生和抗菌药物的合理使用。
OBJECTIVE The surveys and researches on the nosocomial infections in China are reviewed to summarize the common epidemiological characteristics of the nosocomial infections and to put forward the prevention measures so as to provide guidance for the control of the nosocomial infections .The gram‐negative bacteria are dominant a‐mong the pathogens causing the nosocomial infections ;the lower respiratory tract is the major infection site ;the infection rate is highest in the ICU ;the infants and elderly people are the populations at high risk of the infections ;the infections mainly transmit through hands .The abuse of antibiotics is the leading risk factor for the nosocomial infections .To control the nosocomial infections ,the sound management system for nosocomial infection should be established ,the training of the health care workers ,especially the new staff and interns ,should be strengthened to improve the level of cognition of infection control ,and the hand hygiene and reasonable use of antibiotics should be paid high attention to .
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期1198-1200,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
CMB医学教育研究与发展中心基金资助项目(00-721)
关键词
医院感染
病原菌
管理
认知
Nosocomial infection
Pathogenic bacteria
Management
Cognition
