摘要
中国油气工业在取得辉煌成绩的同时,也存在着许多问题,油气储产量上升缓慢、大量探明储量未动用、无力进行新区新领域的开拓,发展的困局再次说明进行油气体制改革的迫切性。某些国家石油公司提出的混合所有制方案不能代替油气体制改革,需要进一步深化发展。我们更加关注油气体制改革的特有问题,其关键是上游的行政性垄断,问题的根源在于未能依法进行全面的区块管理,致使国家石油公司对勘探开发区块只占不退,形成对有利区块的全覆盖式长期占有。依法对现行区块管理体制进行改革十分重要,有关部门也应在国务院授权下对区块登记准入条件做出新的解释,使之对所有合法石油公司平等开放。作为油气体制改革的突破口,建议以页岩气为抓手开辟综合试验区,开拓资源综合勘探开发之路,探索新的油气管理监督体系,完善相应的法规体系。综合试验区不但要实现页岩油气勘探开发的突破,更要对各种改革措施和法规制订先行先试,取得经验而为整个油气体制改革所用。
China′s oil and gas industry still has many challenges to overcome although it has made splendid achievements.The growth of oil and gas reserves and production is slow.Significant amounts of proven reserves have not yet been tapped.Exploration of new plays and new areas has been difficult.This development stagnation underlines the urgency of reforming the oil and gas system.The mixed ownership proposal raised by some na-tional oil companies is unable to replace a reform to the oil and gas system and needs to be refined further.We pay more attention to the specific issues involved in an oil and gas system reform and the key here is the upstream administrative monopoly.The root of this issue is a lack of comprehensive block management by law.Consequently,national oil companies would not give up exploration and development blocks once possessing them and are able to control promising blocks for long periods of time.It is critical to reform the current block management system according to law.Relevant authorities should also give new interpretations of block registra-tion and access conditions with the permission of the State Council,granting equal and fair access to all legal oil companies.Using shale gas as the starting point of an oil and gas system reform,this article suggests establishing comprehensive test areas to exploit integrated exploration and development of resources,explore for a new oil and gas management and supervision system and perfect the relevant laws and regulations.Comprehen-sive test areas will not only bring breakthroughs to shale oil and gas exploration and production but will also help test various new measures and regulations introduced by a reform.Successful experience will be used in the reform to the entire oil and gas system.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2014年第12期1-8,共8页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
油气工业
体制改革
混合所有制
行政性垄断
区块管理
综合试验区
oil and gas industry
system reform
mixed ownership
administrative monopoly
block management
comprehensive test areas
