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琼北火山岩区农田土壤重金属和硒含量评价及来源研究 被引量:11

Evaluation and source analysis of the heavy metals and selenium in the farmland soils of volcanic area,north of Hainan Island
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摘要 基于海南岛1∶25万多目标区域地球化学调查结果,针对海南岛北部(简称"琼北")基性火山岩地区农田土壤,按照不同成土母质类型采集土壤样品,重点分析Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Ni、Se 9种元素。结合GB 15618—1995《土壤环境质量标准》和富Se土壤评价标准,运用单项污染指数法对研究区土壤环境质量进行评价,查明其Se质量比水平。结果表明,基性火山岩区农田土壤Cr、Ni超标严重,Cu次之,Zn和Cd属潜在超标因子,Pb、Hg和As整体属清洁水平,且土壤整体达富Se水平。根据研究结果,提出了农业安全生产建议。综合聚类分析和因子分析结果表明,研究区农田土壤中Cu、Cr、Ni和Se主要来源于成土母质,Cu、Cr、Ni属母质所致高背景含量,而Cd、Cu、Zn已明显受到农业活动(施肥)影响。 The paper is inclined to bring about an evaluation and source analysis of the heavy metals,particularly,that of selenium in the farmland soils of volcanic area in the north of Hainan Island. For the research purpose,we have made an extensive integration of the abnormity of the heavy metal contents in the soil of the area. According to the 1: 250 000 multi-objective regional geochemical investigation,the situation is going on roughly the same with the actual distribution of the basic volcanic rock areas in the area. Therefore,our evaluation has been oriented to investigate and evaluate the content level of the eight heavy metal elements(Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Hg,As,Cr,Ni) and selenium(Se) in the cropland soils of the said basic volcanic rock area. At the same time,the focus of our study has also been put on the exploration of the causes,the influencing-controlling factors of the nine elements through the analysis of the soil parent materials and human activities(fertilization,pesticide,atmospheric dust,et al). That is to say,what we hope to do is to identify the real reasons for high levels of heavy metal contaminants in the investigated area.First of all,we have collected 57 surface soil samples from the croplands based on the different geological backgrounds. Secondly,we have analyzed and evaluated the concentrations of the eight heavy metals in the said soil by using the single-factor pollution index method according to grade Ⅱ standard for the soil environmental quality(GB 15618—1995) and the criteria of seleniumrich soil for Se. Thus,these data we have gained indicate that Cr and Ni are the major pollution factors,followed by Cu,Zn and Cd,which should be regarded as potentially pollution factors,while Pb,Hg and As are far lower than the selected evaluation criteria. Besides,most of the soils in the area under investigation are found in accord with the criterion of selenium-rich level. The clustering analysis and principal component analysis results indicate that Cu,Cr,Ni and Se are mainly originated from the soil's parent materials,a natural source. And,simultaneously,agricultural activities(fertilization and pesticide),the traffic and atmospheric dusts may also serve as the critical sources of Cd,Cu,Zn,Hg or Pb in the cropland soils. And,finally,the cropland soil in the area under investigation can generally be of good quality.Based on the facts of acidic soils and the high contents of heavy metal elements in the investigated area,we would like to propose some suggestions on some necessary measures needed for the safety agricultural production.
出处 《安全与环境学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第1期330-334,共5页 Journal of Safety and Environment
基金 国土资源部中国地质调查局"全国土壤污染现状调查与污染防治"国家专项工作项目(GZTR20070702)
关键词 环境学 地球化学 海南岛 农田土壤 重金属 成土母质 人类活动 environmentalology geochemistry Hainan Island cropland soil heavy metal soil parent materials human activity
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