摘要
我国男性前列腺癌的发病率和死亡率均呈逐年上升趋势,本文对前列腺癌的当前热点研究进行概述和前景展望.前列腺特异抗原（PSA）人群筛查的价值仍存争议,在高危人群进行血清PSA筛查可以尽早发现可能存在的前列腺癌.前列腺穿刺活检包括经直肠途径和经会阴途径,两种穿刺方式各有优劣.睾酮水平与前列腺癌的预后有明显相关性,睾酮水平变化的监测有助于合理调整治疗方案.前列腺癌根治性手术的主要并发症是尿失禁和勃起功能障碍,三维腹腔镜和机器人辅助腹腔镜技术在前列腺癌根治术中优势明显;近距离放射治疗是根治性治疗的另一种选择,年龄限制明显放宽,勃起功能障碍及尿失禁的发生率较低,疗效可靠.目前前列腺癌诊疗新技术还包括了如MRI动态增强扫描、18F-氟乙基胆碱PET/CT、超声微泡造影技术、前列腺癌免疫治疗等.
The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in China are increasing year by year.The review is focused on current hot prospects of prostate cancer.The value of serum prostate specific antigen （PSA） screening is still controversial,and PSA screening in high-risk groups is recommended for early diagnosis of prostate cancer.Prostate biopsy including transrectal approach and perineal approach,and two methods have both advantages and disadvantages.There is significant correlation between testosterone levels and the prognosis of prostate cancer,and the monitoring of testosterone level contributes to the treatment.The main complications of radical resection of prostate cancer is urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction,three-dimensional laparoscopic and robot assisted laparoscopic techniques have obvious advantages in radical operation.Brachytherapy is another option for radical treatment,with relaxed age limit,low incidence of erectile dysfunction,urinary incontinence and reliable curative effect.The diagnosis and treatment of new technologies include such as MRI dynamic enhancement scan,18F-fluoroethyl PET/CT,ultrasound contrast technology,prostate cancer immunotherapy,et al.
出处
《中华外科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期253-256,共4页
Chinese Journal of Surgery
关键词
前列腺肿瘤
诊断
治疗
Prostatic neoplasms
Diagnosis
Treatment
