摘要
鲍曼不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumannii,Ab)是条件致病菌,易引起医院感染,由于广谱抗菌药物的广泛应用,耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌(carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,CRAB)比例不断上升,甚至出现多重耐药(multiple-drug resistance,MDR)和泛耐药(pan-drug resistance,PDR)菌株,引起全球多处的重症监护病房发生暴发流行。该耐药性的产生是由多种耐药机制共同作用的结果,其中,具有碳青霉烯类水解活性A类酶的出现,使抗感染治疗步入困境,成为该菌耐药机制之一。迄今为止,已在鲍曼不动杆菌中发现多种类型的A类酶,如GES、KPC、SHV、TEM、PER、VEB和CTX-M等,具有水解青霉素类、早期的头孢菌素类、单酰胺类、以及亚胺培南和美罗培南的特性,但可被克拉维酸和三唑巴坦抑制。
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that is easily induced in nosocomial infections. Because of the widespread use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, the proportion of carbapenemresistant Acinetobacter baumannii （CRAB） is increasing, even emerging multiple-drug resistance（MDR） and pandrug resistance（PDR） strains which usually cause outbreak of infection in the intensive care units globally. The carbapenem-resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is a multi-factorial problem involving resistance mechanisms in addition to class A carbapenemase, which made the anti-infection treatment into predicament. So far, many types of class A carbapenemases have been detected in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, include GES, KPC, SHV, TEM, PER, VEB and CTX-M, which can hydrolyze toward penicillins, early developed cephalosporins, monobactams, even imipenem and meropenem, however, which can be inhibited by clavulanic acid and tazobactam.
出处
《中国抗生素杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期318-320,I0001-I0004,共7页
Chinese Journal of Antibiotics
基金
黑龙江省卫生厅资助项目(No.2011-103)
