摘要
北京地区许多石质古建筑都使用了房山大石窝的大理岩来建造的。本文以汉白玉(白色大理岩)和青白石(青色大理岩)为例,通过薄片镜下观察、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线荧光(XRF)、扫描电镜(SEM)和电子探针等测试手段,对房山大理岩的岩石学微观特征进行了研究。研究对象为取自房山大石窝的新鲜岩样和取自北京古代石质建筑的风化剥落物。结果证实北京大理岩主要矿物成分是白云石,部分大理岩还含有一定量的石英。基于图像处理软件,对汉白玉和青白石矿物晶体的粒径进行了统计分析。在此基础上,从温度变化、酸雨的溶解、水的溶蚀、微裂隙的盐类充填的角度分析了大理岩的风化机理。相关研究可为北京大理岩石质文物的修复保护提供科学参考。
Marbles,quarried from Dashiwo town of Fangshan district in Beijing,are employed by many famous stone cultural relics in Beijing.Microscopic characteristics of petrography of white marble and greenish white marble are studied,using the methods of thin section microscopic observation,X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray fluorescence (XRF),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and electron probe test.The fresh marble samples are taken from the quarry.The weathered samples are the debris of broken stones from the historic buildings.Results confirm that the main mineral of the marble is dolomite.Part of the marble contains quartz.Based on image processing software,the particle size distribution of the white marble and greenish white marble are calculated after statistical analysis.On this basis,the weathering mechanism of the marble is analyzed from the view of the temperature change,dissolution due to acid rain,water erosion and the salt crystals along microcracks.The above study can provide a scientific basis for restoration and protection of the marble cultural relics.
出处
《工程地质学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期279-286,共8页
Journal of Engineering Geology
基金
北京市科技计划项目(Z121100000312002)
中央高校基本科研业务费(2652013050)
北京联合大学科研提升-竞争性项目资助
关键词
石质文物
汉白玉
青白石
岩石学特征
风化机理
Stone relics,White marble,Greenish white marble,Petrography characteristics,Weathering mechanism
