摘要
在德国古典哲学中,德语中有细微差异的Ding(物)与Sache(事物)概念在康德与黑格尔的形而上学构境中发生了一种重要的意义突现,它们分别以Ding an sich(自在之物)与Sache selbst(事物自身)的方式颠覆了Ding与Sache的常识语境。这一形而上学思想经费尔巴哈的唯物主义颠倒,到了赫斯那里发展成货币异化论的逻辑基础:赫斯承袭了黑格尔的社会经济现象学批判逻辑,提出人的交往类本质颠倒成了经济事物的观点。青年马克思则超越了赫斯,提出劳动类本质异化的理论。马克思关于康德"自在之物"和黑格尔"事物自身"问题的最终解决实现于历史唯物主义的生成:在现代性生产的历史构境中,康德—黑格尔所指认的那个以一定的形式向我们呈现的物性现象界不是一个理性构架统摄的认知结果,而是由一定的社会实践塑形的历史存在本身,观念世界"向自然的立法"的统觉建构和自我意识感知逻辑只不过是历史性物质实践构形的观念偶像化。
From 18 th century and onwards,German classical philosophy saw,in Kant's and Hegel's constructions of metaphysics,very significant emergence of two nuanced German words-- Ding and Sache,whose commonly accepted meaning context has been subverted by Ding an sich and Sache selbst ever since. This materialist reversion by Feuerbach turned to be the logical foundation of the money alienation put forward by Hess,who became the first to inherit Hegel's critical logic of a social economic phenomenology,and explained that the human essence of commerce was reversed as an economic thing. Going further than Hess did,young Marx put forward his theory of the alienation of labor. Marx's solution to the issue raised in the Kantian Ding an sich and the Hegelian Sache selbst finally brought into being his historical materialism. In the historical construction of modern production,the material phenomenon world presented in the Kantian-Hegelian form was not a result of knowledge under the dominance of reason,but rather the historical existence itself formed by a determinate social practice. The conceptual world's 'rule over nature'and the sensual logic of the self-consciousness are after all no more than the conceptual idolization of historical formation of material practices.
出处
《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第2期5-16,158,共12页
Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)
