摘要
从分子水平研究了重油催化裂解反应中原料性质的影响、丙烯生成反应化学和丙烯再转化反应化学,创新了重油催化裂解反应理论和知识。在重油催化裂解制丙烯反应中,原料氢含量和饱和烃含量是影响丙烯产率的重要指标,而原料烃分子结构与大小对丙烯产率的影响也很大;丙烯的生成来自重质原料一次裂解和中间产物馏分二次裂解反应的共同贡献;烷烃分子经五配位正碳离子引发链反应是导致干气选择性高而丙烯选择性低的主要原因;催化裂解产物中丙烯存在再转化反应。同时提出了催化裂解增产丙烯并抑制干气和焦炭生成的新技术,并在工业装置上得到了验证;与原技术相比,在相同原料油和操作条件下,其丙烯产率提高了90.29%,而焦炭产率降低了17.53%,干气与丙烯质量产率比降低了34.88%。
The relationships between properties of heavy oil and propylene formation, formation chemistry of propylene and conversion reaction of propylene produced during catalytic cracking of heavy oil were investigated from molecular level. Innovative theory of catalytic cracking of heavy oil to propylene was proposed, including that the structure and size of hydrocarbons were the key factors to affect the yield of propylene as well as the amounts of hydrogen and saturates in the feeds, propylene was produced by primary cracking of heavy oil and secondary cracking of cracking naphtha fraction, initiation reaction via intermediates of earbonium ions contributed to low selectivity of propylene and high selectivity of dry gas, propylene which was an active reaction species could be converted to other products under the conditions of catalytic cracking of heavy oil. A new technique to increase propylene yield and inhibit or reduce the formation of dry gas and coke was proposed and proven in a commercial unit. The yield of propylene was increased by 90.59%, the coke yield was decreased by 17. 53% and the mass ratio of dry gas and propylene was decreased by 34.88%under the same operating conditions as that of original technique.
出处
《石油学报（石油加工）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期307-314,共8页
Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2006CB202501)基金资助
关键词
重油
催化裂解
丙烯
反应化学
工业验证
heavy oil
catalytic cracking
propylene
reaction chemistry
commercial demonstration
